s/ 


ADDRESSES 


DELIVERED  BEFORE   THE 


CALIFORNIA    SOCIETY 

Sons  of  the  American  Revolution 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES 

BY 

THOMAS  A.  PERKINS 

AND 

EDMUND  D.  SHORTLIDGE 


CONSTITUTION 

AND 

ROLL    OF    MEMBERS 


ADDRESSES 


DBLIVSRBD  BKFORB   THB 


CALIFORNIA    SOCIETY 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 

BY 

THOMAS  ALLEN  PERKINS 

AND 

EDMUND  DOUGLAS  SHORTLIDQE 


CONSTITUTION    AND    ROLL   OF    MEMBERS 


SAN  FRANCil^CO,  XALIFORNIX 

Published  by    the  Society 

October.    1917 


.0^ 


Vx-  : 


PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE 


EDMUND   D.   SHORTLIDGE 
THOMAS  A.  PERKINS 
EDSON  BRADBURY 


1917 

SHANNON-CONMY  PBINTIKG  00. 
SAN  FRANCISCO 


^JcIao^U^ 


(Photograph    taken    January,    1915.) 
Provisional    President    of    Sons    of    Revolutionary    Sires, 

Oct.  22,    1875.  to  July  4,    1876. 

Born    in   Wellington,    Conn.,    November    23,     1830.       Came    to    Cali- 
fornia   in    1849.       Residence,    Decoto,    Cal. 


PREFACE 


In  1909  the  California  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American  Eevo- 
lution  published  a  book  of  Addresses  delivered  before  the  Society  and 
Memorial  Sketches  of  twenty-eight  deceased  members,  edited  by  the 
Historian.  In  1913  the  Society  published  another  book  of  Addresses, 
Biographical  Sketches  of  thirty-nine  deceased  members,  photographs 
of  Past  Presidents  of  the  Society  and  other  data  pertaining  to  the 
early  history  of  the  Society,  edited  by  the  Historian.  Both  books 
are  out  of  print. 

We  have  followed  the  same  general  arrangement  in  this  book  as 
in  the  books  of  1909  and  1913  and  added  the  Constitution  and  RoU  of 
460  Members  of  the  Society.  The  Frontispiece  is  a  compliment  to 
Dr.  James  L.  Cogswell,  the  Provisional  President  in  1875. 

Thomas  A.  Perkins, 
Edmund  D.  Shortlidge, 

Editors. 


(V) 


353i9(> 


CONTENTS 


Page 
Frontispiece,  James  L.  Cogswell Ill 

Preface V 

A    Cursory   Analysis   and    Timely   Application   of   AVashington 's 

Farewell  Address 30 

A  Message  From  Massachusetts — T.  M.  Shepard 8 

Biographical  Sketches — T.  A.  Perkins  and  E.  D.  Shortlidge 44 

Constitution  and  By-Laws  of  California  Society  Sons  of  Ameri- 
can Revolution 71 

Ex-Presidents  of  California  Society  S.  A.  R 80 

France,  The  Defender  of  Freedom — S.  M.  Shortridge 3 

George  Washington — G.  C.  Sargent 40 

Officers  California  Society,  S.  A.  R 82 

Officers  San  Diego  Chapter,  S.  A.  R '. 82 

Origin  of  California  Society,  S.  A.  R. — T.  A.  Perkins 69 

Our  Flag— N.  B.  Woodworth 21 

Roll  of  Members 83 

The  Causes  Leading  Up  to  the  European  War — D.  P.  Barrows 11 

The  Spirit  of  1776— H.  McMurry 37 

Their  Opportunity  and  Ours — W.  H.  Jordan 23 


ADDRESSES 

Delivered  before  the 

California  Society 


of  the 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution 


FRANCE  THE  DEFENDER  OF  FREEDOM 

By  Samuel  M.  Shortridge, 

at  a  banquet  given  the  Commissioners  of  the 

Republic  of  France. 

San  Francisco,  September  8,  1913. 

Mr.  President  and  Honored  Guests :  I  esteem  it  a  very  great  honor, 
a  very  high  privilege,  in  your  name,  compatriots,  once  more  to  welcome 
these  honorable  gentlemen,  representing  the  majestic  beauty  and  the 
splendid  civilization  of  France.  As  one  of  the  humblest  citizens  of  this 
Republic  I  regard  it  as  a  happy  moment  when,  speaking  feebly  it  may 
be  the  sentiments  of  your  hearts,  I  can  welcome  these  representatives 
of  the  great  Republic  of  the  Old  World. 

We  are  citizens  of  the  greatest  republics  on  this  earth.  One  is  a 
star,  lighting  and  illuminating  Europe  and  the  Old  World.  That  star  is 
the  bright  and  unfading  star  of  the  Republic  which  you  represent  and 
which  has  stood  and  stands  for  liberty,  for  equality,  and  for  justice. 
We  represent  another  great  Republic  which  is  a  star  in  the  Western 
Hemisphere.  And  may  be  century-old  love  and  friendship  which  has 
existed  between  these  Republics  continue  unbroken  until  every  nation 
of  Europe  shall  be  a  republic  and  all  the  sons  of  men  shall  be  free. 

For  over  a  century — a  short  time  in  the  chronicles  of  God,  but  a 
long  time  in  the  diplomatic  life  of  nations — the  people  of  France  and 
the  people  of  the  United  States  of  America,  have  been,  individually 


4  '  '  '       .  *v*'  :  v^    C.VL.IFORNIA  Society 

and  nationally;  frfends.  We  have  never  fought  each  other.  And  to- 
night, in  this  year  of  1913,  America  would  endeavor  to  express  her  ap- 
preciation of  her  debt  to  France,  a  debt  which  perhaps  we  may  never 
be  able  to  pay. 

Tonight  we  look  backward.  We  think  of  a  hundred  and  odd  years 
ago.  Tonight  the  sons  of  the  American  Revolution,  descendants  of 
those  who  fought,  bled,  died,  that  liberty  might  not  perish  on  this  con- 
tinent, look  back  to  the  time  when  the  thirteen  colonies  of  America, 
poor,  weak,  few  in  numbers,  had  the  courage  to  throw  down  the  gaunt- 
let of  battle  to  the  then  great  monarchy  of  the  world.  We  think  of  the 
Revolutionary  period  and  of  the  nations  of  Europe  who  either  scoffed 
or  sneered  at  us  or  were  indifferent  to  our  cause.  And  thinking  of  our 
then  weakness,  our  poverty,  with  swelling  and  grateful  hearts  we  re- 
member the  one  nation  of  Europe  that  extended  the  hand  of  friendship 
and  the  sword  of  assistance  to  us — and  that  nation  was  the  dear,  be- 
loved nation  of  France. 

Tonight,  gentlicmen,  we  are  strong,  we  are  powerful  upon  the  land, 
we  are  great  upon  the  sea ;  but  we  remember  when  we  were  weak  upon 
the  land  and  weaker  upon  the  sea.  And  we  remember  keenly,  I  trust 
gratefully,  that  during  the  Revolutionary  War,  when  we  were  fighting 
for  liberty,  for  the  rights  of  self-government,  that  of  all  the  nations  of 
Europe,  France  was  the  one  that  came  to  our  assistance. 

Gentlemen,  within  the  brief  limits  permissible  I  cannot  hope  to  go 
into  details  touching  the  services  which  France  rendered  to  us  during 
the  dark  days  and  the  darker  nights  of  our  Revolutionary  period.  But 
one  greac  character,  majestic  and  beautiful,  rises  before  us  tonight. 
Indeed,  two  great  characters  stand  before  us  tonight,  one  the  immortal, 
calm,  serene,  and  all-conquering  George  Washington,  and  the  other, 
ever  faithful,  beautiful  in  form,  loving  liberty  more  than  he  loved 
life,  willing  to  sacrifice  fortune,  give  over  titles,  bid  adieu  to  the  wife 
of  his  heart,  risk  all  and  give  all  for  liberty — the  other,  the  immortal 
and  noble  Lafayette.  Before  attaining  the  age  of  twenty  years,  descend- 
ant of  a  noble  line  of  ancestors  and  in  the  enjoyment  of  fame  and 
fortune,  such  w^as  his  love  for  liberty,  that,  purchasing  a  vessel  out  of 
his  own  purse,  bidding  farewell  perhaps  forever  to  his  young  and  beau- 
tiful wife,  he  turned  that  vessel  into  the  then  uncharted  sea  and  came 
hither  to  this  land,  in  order  to  offer  his  sword,  his  services  and  his 
life,  if  necessary,  in  behalf  of  the  colonies  who  were  struggling  to  break 
the  shackles  and  throw  off  the  yoke  of  England.  Lafayette  came 
representing  the  spirit  of  the  French  people,  representing  the  poor, 
representing  the  lowly,  representing  the  great  mass  of  the  then  French 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  5 

nation  who  believed  in  liberty  then,  has  believed  in  it  every  hour  since 
and  believes  in  it  now — he  came  representing  the  then  and  present 
spirit  of  the  French  people.  He  came — you  know  the  story.  Yet  it  is  so 
beautiful  that  you  will  indulge  me  in  dwelling  on  it  briefly.  He  came 
to  America ;  he  offered  himself  to  Washington,  and  that  man,  who  was 
not  given  to  impulses,  who  was  said  to  be  somewhat  cold  and  austere 
in  his  character,  saw  something  in  Lafayette  which  immediately  drew 
him  to  his  heart.  And  I  am  but  stating  what  is  historically  true  and 
known  to  us — and  I  trust  is  known  to  you,  gentlemen  of  France — that 
of  the  two  men  of  the  Revolution  whom  Washington  loved,  one  was 
Alexander  Hamilton  and  the  other  was  Lafayette. 

Lafayette  shed  his  blood  for  us  at  the  Battle  of  Brandywine.  At 
Valley  Forge,  near  Philadelphia,  during  the  darkest  hour  of  the  Revo- 
lution, when  our  soldiers  were  without  food,  without  clothing,  without 
shelter,  when  they  took  raw  untanned  skin  and  made  it  into  shoes,  when 
they  were  dying,  there  occurred  an  incident  in  the  life  of  Lafayette 
which  is  of  the  very  poetry  of  history.  The  night  was  cold  and  dark. 
There  was  a  sentinel  at  his  post.  Lafayette  found  this  poor  Continen- 
tal soldier,  numb  and  almost  dying  with  hunger  and  cold.  Lafayette 
said,  ''Give  me  your  gun;  I  will  stand  as  sentinel.  Go  to  my  tent. 
There  you  will  find  a  blanket  and  some  food.  Eat  the  food  and  bring 
the  blanket  back  to  me."  The  poor  soldier  hobbled  with  bleeding  feet 
to  the  tent  of  Lafayette,  ate  of  his  food,  and  returned  with  the 
blanket.  Lafayette  took  the  blanket,  cut  it  in  two,  covered  the  soldier 
with  one-half  and  wrapped  himself  in  the  other.  That  was  the  sweet 
and  unselfish  spirit  of  Lafayette ! 

Lafayette  returned  to  France.  You  know  his  subsequent  career 
and  services  there.  You  know  of  his  high  position,  you  know  of  his 
fall,  you  know  of  his  suffering.  You  know,  also,  that  until  his  dying 
day  he  was  the  lover  of  America  and  that  he  exchanged  letters  with 
our  George  Washington  until  his  death.  When  Lafayette  was  im- 
prisoned Washington  wrote  the  most  feeling  and  the, most  appealing 
letters  ever  penned  by  man  to  the  Emperor,  asking  the  release  of  his 
friend  and  the  dear  friend  of  America.  Washington  greatly  admired 
Lafayette's  wife,  and  wrote  to  her  affectionately.  The  most  beautiful, 
loving  letters  that  ever  passed  between  two  men,  loving  as  a  father  to 
a  son,  or  a  son  to  a  father,  expressing  the  most  noble  sentiments  of 
sexless  love — the  love  of  one  man  for  another — friendship  undying,  a 
common  love  for  liberty,  a  common  love  for  regulated  order  and  regu- 
lated freedom — the  most  beautiful  letters  ever  passing  between  two 
men  are  the  letters  which  passed  between  George  Washington,  the 
father  of  our  country,  and  Lafayette,  your  great  champion  of  freedom. 


6  California  Society 

The  love  which  Washington  had  for  Lafayette,  gentlemen,  symbol- 
izes the  love  which  has  existed  between  our  two  nations.  And  may  that 
love  forever  continue.  May  we  ever  be  friends.  May  we  ever  stand 
together.  May  we  ever  fight  for  progress,  for  liberty,  for  regulated 
and  guarded  freedom.  Both  these  nations  represent  government  of 
the  people,  by  the  people,  and  for  the  people.  Both  these  Republics 
have  taken  the  crown  from  the  head  of  tyranny  and  snatched  the 
sceptre  out  of  the  hands  of  princes,  placing  the  crown  and  the  sceptre 
upon  the  brow  and  in  the  hands  of  the  people  of  the  two  Republics. 

France  is  girded  around  by  monarchies.  But  there  she  stands, 
asserting  the  rights  of  a  people  to  a  government  by  the  people  and 
for  the  people.  She  stands  today  as  an  inspiration  to  the  other 
nations  of  Europe.  She  is  a  light  to  Europe.  She  is  not  ashamed  of 
freedom.  She  is  not  apologizing  for  freedom.  She  has  been  the 
champion  and  the  defender  of  freedom.  Therefore  we  in  America 
look  to  her  not  only  with  gratitude  for  what  she  did  for  us,  but  with 
admiration,  for  she  is  standing  for  what  we  stand  for  here — govern- 
ment of,  for,  and  by  the  people. 

France  and  America,  the  two  great  Republics  of  this  earth !  They 
represent  the  same  ideals;  they  recognize  that  government  derives  its 
just  powers  from  the  consent  of  the  governed.  Their  forms  of  con- 
stitution are  somewhat  different,  but  the  spirit  which  animates  and 
gives  life  and  strength  and  vigor  to  each  nation  is  the  same.  France 
and  America  put  away  the  crown  and  the  sceptre  and  laid  aside  the 
forms  and  ceremonies  of  royalty.  Both  have  exalted  the  rights  of 
man  to  life,  liberty  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness.  Both  have  dreamed 
the  same  dreams,  hoped  for  the  same  things,  lifted  up  and  made  free, 
and  both  have  stood  and  now  stand  for  the  liberty  of  man,  woman  and 
child. 

And  what  have  they  accomplished?  Have  they  been  failures? 
Have  they  been  backward?  Have  they  fallen  behind  in  the  progress 
of  civilization?  Behold!  These  two  governments,  one  standing  yon- 
der upon  the  Old,  and  the  other  here  upon  the  New  World,  are  in 
the  very  vanguard  of  the  civilization  of  the  earth.  They  have  ad- 
vanced the  rights  of  men.  They  have  guarded  the  rights  of  property. 
They  have  elevated  women.  They  have  given  hope  to  childhood. 
They  have  consoled  the  declining  years  of  age.  They  have  made  the 
world  purer  and  better,  more  beautiful  and  more  righteous.  And 
may  they  ever  stand  together  in  the  forefront  of  civilization,  fighting 
for  liberty,  champions  of  progress,  and  friends  in  everything  that 
goes  to  make  a  rich,  prosperous,  and  happy  people. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  7 

Yes,  my  fellow- Americans,  we  may  well  welcome  here  with  glow- 
ing hearts  the  citizens  of  our  great  sister  Republic.  We  are  but  one 
people,  after  all.  God  has  made  of  us  brothers.  He  has  set  bounds 
to  our  habitations — you  live  yonder  in  France,  we  live  here  in  America. 
But  there  is  but  one  God  above  us,  there  is  but  one  destiny  for  us  all. 
And  I  rejoice  to  believe  that  America,  the  Republic,  and  France,  the 
Republic,  are  liberating  the  world.  Portugal  is  a  republic,  and 
other  nations  of  Europe,  though  in  form  monarchial,  have  had  the 
spirit  of  republicanism  infused  into  them.  The  time  may  come  when 
France  shall  have  republicanized  Europe.  We  may  yet  see  a  repub- 
lican Europe,  a  republican  Asia,  and  ultimately  a  republican  Africa. 
Inspired  by  France,  the  Great  Republic  of  Europe,  and  by  the  United 
States,  the  great  Republic  of  America,  we  may  yet  see  the  whole 
world  converted  in  governmental  form  into  one  mighty  Republic. 
And  then  will  be  the  consummation  of  the  hope  of  Lafayette  and  the 
dream  of  Washington. 

As  the  learned  Chief  Justice  has  said  (Melvin) — I  said  Chief 
Justice — well,  he  is  worthy  to  be  so — as  the  learned  Associate  Justice 
has  said,  there  are  certain  things  which  suggest  a  communion  and  a 
commingling  of  hearts  between  these  two  Republics.  With  the  very 
colors  which  we  love — the  blue  of  Heaven,  the  red,  suggestive  of  the 
heart's  blood,  the  white  of  the  plume  of  victory — with  these  three 
beautiful  colors  commingling  and  the  eagles  of  France  and  the  eagle 
of  America  flying  together,  there  is  no  other  nation,  no  other  combina- 
tion of  nations,  which  can  prevail  against  us  in  times  of  war  or  sur- 
pass us  in  the  victories  of  peace. 

From  the  early  days  of  the  Revolution,  when  Lafayette  came,  to 
the  cloudless  day  of  Yorktown,  when  the  French  admiral  and  the 
American  general  saw  the  flag  of  England  lowered  in  defeat,  until 
this  hour,  the  two  nations  have  walked  in  harmony.  From  that  hour 
to  this  they  have  cherished  the  same  ideals  and  had  a  common  destiny. 
Both  have  drunk  deep  of  the  cup  of  national  sorrow.  But  tonight 
I  rejoice  to  see  France  prosperous,  progressive ;  all  her  villages  grow- 
ing and  happy;  her  great  and  splendid  city,  the  crown  and  jewel  of 
Europe.  I  rejoice  to  see  that  nation  advancing  in  art,  science  and 
civilization — great  upon  the  land  and  great  upon  the  sea.  As  for  my 
own  country,  I  think  I  see  her  safe  at  home  and  safe  abroad,  an 
example  and  an  inspiration  to  the  world.  And  it  is  my  prayer  that 
these  two  nations,  both  of  whom  were  conceived  in  liberty  and  dedi- 
cated to  equality,  both  of  whom  have  fought  for  freedom,  both  of 
whom  have  shed  blood  upon  countless  fields  for  the  rights  of  men — 


8  California  Society 

it  is  my  hope  that  these  two  nations,  representing  as  they  do  the  same 
cause  of  self-government,  may  ever  stand  as  friends  of  liberty,  cham- 
pions of  progress,  knit  together  in  indissoluble  bonds  of  admiration 
and  love. 


A  MESSAGE  FROM  MASSACHUSETTS 

By  Thomas  Monroe  Shepard,  Northampton,  Mass. 

Oakland,  March  10,  1914. 

Mr.  Toastmaster  and  Compatriots:  I  strayed  into  your  secre- 
tary's office,  to  decorate  myself  with  a  fresh  button,  which  I  wear 
tonight,  as  a  very  suitable  christening,  and  he  suggested  that  I  come 
to  th's  banquet.  I  agreed,  and  as  I  did  so,  I  thought  it  was  to  be  as  a 
listener,  to  hear  wisdom,  and  not  to  take  up  your  time  with  a  talk 
by  myself.  But  your  toastmaster  has  very  politely  asked  me  to 
speak — no  doubt  he  thinks  it  a  kindness,  but  if  he  knew  how  embar- 
rassed I  feel,  and  how  little  prepared  I  am,  he  would  not  so  desig- 
nate it. 

I  feel  much  as  I  did  when,  traveling  in  Vienna,  I  went  to  the 
Court  Theater,  in  which  there  were  about  three  thousand  people.  I 
looked  over  that  audience,  and  there  wasn't  a  soul  there  that  I  had 
ever  seen  before  or  who  knew  me.  And  yet  we  were  all  there  for 
one  common  purpose,  to  hear  a  superb  opera.  In  the  same  way,  I 
somehow  feel  at  home  when  I  am  among  you  here.  I  feel  at  home 
with  you,  my  compatriots,  because  of  our  one  common  cause,  the 
glory  of  our  ancestors,  and  what  we  may  do  for  ourselves  and  our 
posterity. 

Though  you  have  many  times  heard  extolled  your  spirit  of  hos- 
pitality, yet  perhaps  you  will  not  be  loath  to  hear  it  again.  Since  I 
have  been  in  your  midst  this  evening,  I  have  received  two  very  kind 
invitations,  and  it  is  certainly  the  height  of  hospitality,  and  something 
that  I,  as  an  Easterner,  appreciate  very  much. 

Mention  has  been  made  of  Massachusetts,  and  your  toastmaster 
suggested  that  I  give  a  message  from  Massachusetts.  Really  I  do 
not  know  very  much  about  it,  for  I  have  been  traveling  for  the  past 
seven  years,  and  cannot  tell  you  from  direct,  present  day  knowledge. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  9 

Perhaps,  therefore,  I  might  be  justified  in  telling  a  little  experience 
that  I  had  while  traveling,  which  has  a  significance  to  our  wearing 
this  button  that  I  have  found  so  many  people  wearing. 

I  landed  in  Portugal,  and,  not  knowing  any  one  in  the  city,  and 
wishing  to  make  myself  registered,  in  case  of  an  accident  or  of  my 
becoming  arrested,  or  something  untoward  occurring  to  me,  I  went 
to  the  Consul's  office,  and  inquired  for  him.  I  was  ushered  through 
the  corridor,  and  as  I  came  into  his  office  I  said,  "I  am  looking  for 
the  United  States  Consul."  He  replied.  "You  need  not  look  any 
further.  I  am  the  man.  What  is  more,  you  come  right  in  here," 
and  he  took  me  by  the  lapel  of  the  coat  and  sat  me  down  in  a  chair 
and  said  he,  "A  man  who  wears  that  button  can  always  come  into 
my  office."  He  was  a  Son  of  the  American  Revolution  himself,  and 
you  can  imagine  that  I  felt  very  much  at  home. 

I  recall  another  occasion  when  I  had  been  traveling  with  a  party 
of  English  people.  There  w^ere  three  English  sisters  amongst  them, 
and  we  had  become  more  or  less  acquainted,  but  none  of  them^quite 
dared  to  ask  me  what  this  button  was  for.  After  a  while,  one  of  them 
mustered  up  the  necessary  courage,  saying,  "We  have  seen  and 
talked  with  you,  and  perhaps  you  will  consider  it  not  too  much  of  an 
intrusion  if  you  satisfy  our  curiosity  by  telling  us  what  that  button 
is."  "Ah,"  said  I,  "you  have  put  your  foot  in  it  this  time."  They 
blushingly  began  to  excuse  themselves,  but  I  said  "No,  you  must  hear 
it,  now  that  you  have  asked.  That  button  stands  for  membership  in 
a  society  in  America  that  is  composed  of  descendants  of  the  American 
Revolution  in  1776,  when  my  Grand  Daddy  beat  your  Grand  Daddy. '  * 

Now,  as  to  the  message  from  Massachusetts.  Our  Massachusetts 
Society,  by  the  way,  is  divided  into  chapters  located  in  different 
towns.  Of  course  we  have  the  advantage  of  being  on  the  field  where 
many  of  the  conflicts  and  many  of  the  deprivations  and  patriotic 
movements  took  place.  But  I  am  very  sure  that  our  Society  in  Mas- 
sachusetts, and  especially  my  own  chapter,  w^ould  be  very  glad  to 
welcome  any  of  you  gentlemen  there.  This  message  does  not  come 
from  many  authority,  except  authority  of  good  spirit.  Massachusetts, 
of  course,  is  a  grand  old  State — perhaps  some  would  say  it  was  a 
grand  old  State,  but  we  think  it  is  something  of  a  State  now.  And 
one  of  the  best  things  Massachusetts  ever  did  for  its  country,  and  one 
of  the  worst  things  it  ever  did  for  itself,  and  the  best  thing  it  did  for 
California,  was  to  send  a  great  many  of  its  sons  out  here.  I  have  been 
delighted  this  evening  to  find  three  who  are  from  my  own  State.  So 
that  makes  me  feel  at  home  again. 


10  California  Society 

But,  to  be  a  little  serious,  we  really  feel  a  great  pride  in  our  an- 
cestors. We  all  have  our  General  Warren  ancestors  and  our  Seth 
Pomeroy,  and  all  of  those  great  men,  and  we  are  rather  inclined  to 
emphasize  that  feeling  of  ancestor  worship.  Now,  I  think  the  great 
duty  of  our  Society,  not  only  in  the  East,  but  all  through  the  country, 
is  to  do  something  which  we  will  be  proud  of  ourselves,  and  of  which 
the  generations  that  come  after  us  will  be  proud  and  speak  of  as 
much  as  w^e  do  of  our  own  ancestors.  And  there  is  no  time  in  this 
country  when  we  have  had  the  opportunity  or  when  the  need  is 
greater  than  it  is  today,  and  no  State  in  the  Union  is  in  a  position 
of  better  advantage  to  forward  it,  and  there  are  none  where  it  is 
more  needed  than  right  here  in  the  State  of  California.  You  have 
here  delegates  from  nearly  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  you  have 
immigrants  from  nearly  every  country  in  the  world.  And  it  is  in- 
cumbent upon  us  here  to  make  the  most  of  this  opportunity,  and  as 
Judge  Melvin  has  recently  said,  we  have  a  great  duty  devolving  upon 
us,  a  great  work  to  do,  and  it  must  be  done.  We  must  hold  together, 
we  must  have  our  meetings  frequently,  we  must  keep  in  touch  with 
what  is  going  on  in  the  world.  For  we  are  in  a  world  that  has  never 
existed  before.  We  are  in  the  electric  age,  where  things  are  changing 
with  great  rapidity.  There  are  tremendous  problems  before  us, 
as  you  all  know,  in  the  city  and  the  State  and  the  Nation.  And  our 
people  must  hold  together,  they  must  be  wise  and  put  aside  partisan- 
ship and  local  feeling,  and  work  for  something  of  which  we  can  all 
justly  feel  proud. 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  see  the  young  men  in  this  gathering  tonight.  I 
tell  you,  young  men,  that  there  is  something  for  you  to  do,  something 
besides  coming  here  and  having  a  good  dinner  and  a  good  social  gath- 
ering. You  have  a  responsibility  due  to  your  ancestors  and  due  to 
the  people  and  due  to  yourselves,  to  rise  above  any  little  petty 
things,  any  petty  prejudice  that  might  exist,  and  make  a  name  for 
yourselves  and  a  name  for  this  order.  And  I  say  to  you  now  that, 
under  the  glorious  sunlight  that  has  painted  yonder  poppy  and  im- 
prisoned therein  its  golden  color,  so  typical  of  this  State,  and  under 
the  advantage  of  this  matchless  climate  that  yields  constant  invigora- 
tion  and  locks  up  some  of  it  in  yonder  wine,  all  as  a  stimulant  to 
your  actions — do  the  very  best  you  can  and  do  all  you  can  unceasingly 
for  the  glory  of  this  Nation  and  this  splendid  order  to  which  we 
belong. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  11 


THE  CAUSES 
LEADING  UP  TO  THE  EUROPEAN  WAR 

By  David  P.  Barrows,  Ph.D.,  Dean  of  the  Faculties,  University  of 

California. 

San  Francisco,  October  23,  1914. 

Mr.  President,  ladies  and  gentlemen:  After  listening  to  such  an 
extremely  interesting  personal  narration  as  that  we  have  just  had 
from  Mr.  Baldwin,  I  feel  quite  diffident  about  attempting  to  talk 
to  you  about  the  history  of  the  politics  underlying  this  great  struggle. 
We  have  heard  a  great  deal  lately  about  the  prevision  and  foresight 
of  the  German  military  staff.  I  think  if  they  had  had  to  match  their 
qualities  of  mind  against  those  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Baldwin,  we  would 
have  seen  a  very  different  issue  in  the  early  stages  of  this  war. 

There  is  another  reason  why  anybody  must  feel  a  certain  diffi- 
dence in  attempting  to  discuss  European  politics,  especially  if  he  is 
an  American  looking  at  the  situation  from  a  long  distance  across  the 
water  and  continent,  and  that  is  that  foreign  relations  are  a  diffi- 
cult subject  to  understand,  at  their  best.  The  dispatches  that  pass 
between  diplomats  and  chancellories  of  states,  are  reserved,  privileged 
documents.  It  is  a  long  while  before  the  evidence  is  in.  And  you 
are  dealing  with  personalities  and  motives  which  it  is  so  easy  to 
misunderstand  and  to  misjudge,  and  it  is  a  field  in  which  we  are  in- 
clined to  express  prejudice,  and  to  pass  sweeping  and  hurried  judg- 
ment. I  suppose  there  could  be  no  fitter  time  for  us  to  remember  that 
great  adage  of  Burke,  ''I  do  not  know  how  to  draw  an  indictment  of 
a  whole  people,"  than  just  now,  when  we  are  likely,  in  an  intensity 
of  feeling,  to  take  issue  on  this  side  or  on  that. 

Now,  I  shall  not  attempt  to  go  very  much  into  the  history  of  the 
international  situation  that  lies  behind  this  momentous  struggle.  I 
simply  want  to  point  out  a  few  things  that  indicate  very  great 
changes  in  the  international  politics  of  Europe.  Great  changes  have 
come  over  the  alignment  of  states  within  the  past  generation.  The 
situation  seems  utterly  different  from  what  it  did  forty-five  years 
ago,  when  the  Peace  of  Frankfort  was  concluded  between  France  and 
Prussia.  For  one  thing,  it  looks  as  if  the  Concert  of  Europe  was 
gone.    For  a  long,  long  time,  I  don't  know  how  long,  there  had  been 


12  California  Society 

a  certain  close  understanding  between  the  diplomats  of  the  several 
great  powers  of  Europe  that  we  called  the  Concert  of  Europe.  Those 
men  understood  one  another.  They  did  not  like  one  another  always, 
but  they  understood  one  another  sufficiently  to  work  together,  to 
maintain  the  peace  of  Europe  and  to  settle  issues  that  might  result 
in  war.  I  suppose  that  that  Concert  of  Europe  last  expressed  itself 
in  a  concrete  and  effective  way  in  the  Congress  of  Berlin  of  1878, 
that  met  to  settle  the  issues  growing  out  of  Russia's  successful  war 
upon  Turkey.  That  great  company  of  statesmen,  among  whom  Bis- 
marck moved  as  the  force  of  paramount  influence — that  great  com- 
pany of  statesmen,  and  the  policies  which  they  represented,  the 
alignment  of  states  which  they  produced,  are  obviously  gone.  The 
Concert  of  Europe  is  no  more.  What  is  to  take  its  place,  no  man 
can  say. 

But  this  is  to  be  noticed,  this  is  to  be  recognized  for  it:  It  did 
keep  the  peace  of  Europe;  it  did  preserve  the  peace  of  the  Balkans 
for  more  than  thirty  years.  Then  first  one  state  and  then  another 
violated  the  great  instrument  that  came  out  of  the  Congress  of  Berlin, 
and  its  spell  was  broken. 

I  think  we  are  not  passing  swift  judgment  when  we  say  that  Aus- 
tria was  the  first  to  violate  the  agreement  of  1878,  when,  following 
the  revolution  of  Turkey  and  the  expectation  that  the  Young  Turk 
in  the  Ottoman  Empire,  might  re-establish  Turkish  pretensions  over 
the  Balkans,  Austria  declared  the  annexation  to  herself  of  Bosnia 
and  Herzegovina.  She  had  done  much  for  those  provinces,  she  had 
reformed  their  administration,  and  carried  them  forward  in  well- 
being.  But  she  was  the  trustee  of  the  great  powers  and  of  Europe 
for  those  provinces,  and  she  violated  her  trusteeship  when  she  an- 
nexed them,  and  gave  to  the  Concert  of  Europe,  to  the  great  agree- 
ment of  1878,  its  first  shock.  And  then  Italy  repeated  the  blow 
when  she  annexed  Tripoli  and  waged  war  against  the  Ottoman  em- 
pire for  the  annexation  of  that  coveted  African  Province,  because 
the  Concert  of  Europe  and  the  Congress  of  Berlin  of  1878  had 
guaranteed  the  preservation  of  the  Ottoman  Empire,  and  Italy  was 
one  of  the  signatory  powers.  Then  this  was  foUfOwed  by  act  after 
act,  of  minor  consequence,  perhaps,  but  all  indicating  that  the  old 
agreement,  the  old  understanding  between  the  powers  of  Europe 
which  had  weathered  the  war  of  1870  and  1871,  was  at  an  end; 
that  there  was  a  new  school  of  diplomats,  there  were  new  policies  in 
the  world,  there  were  new  alignments  of  great  powers,  there  was  a 
new  disposition  to  treat  with  disrespect  those  solemn  agreements  into 
which  the  powers  had  formally  entered. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  13 

There  is  another  thing  that  has  ,^ne,  another  great  force,  which, 
for  many  years,  was  a  guarded  and  apparently  potent  thing,  and  that 
is  the  Triple  Alliance.  You  all  know  the  extraordinary  statesman- 
ship with  which  Bismarck  created  that  alliance  of  Germany  and  Aus- 
tria and  Italy.  If  you  want  to  read  the  intimate  hivstory  of  how  this 
great  union  of  defensive  strength  was  brought  about,  you  can  read 
it  in  Bismarck's  own  legacy  to  the  German  people,  his  "Gedanken 
und  Errinnnerungen, "  his  Thoughts  and  Recollections,  which  he  left 
as  a  record  of  his  policy  and  as  a  statement  of  his  political  belief.  And 
you  will  appreciate  from  his  own  narrative  the  difficulties  he  had 
to  overcome  to  bring  Austria  and  Germany  together.  Fortunately, 
his  statesmanship  had  made  it  possible  for  Austria  to  forget  the  bit- 
terness of  her  defeat  in  1866,  and  to  unite  with  Germany  in  an  al- 
liance of  defense.  But  how  did  he  ever  bring  Italy  into  that  Triple 
Alliance?  How  was  it  that  Italy  was  ever  induced  to  join  in  de- 
fensive league  with  her  old  inveterate  enemy,  Austria,  a  country  that 
had  kept  her  northern  provinces  in  subjection  for  so  long?  The 
memories  of  that  intolerable  subjection  were  very  fresh  in  Italian 
minds  in  1879,  when  the  Dual  Alliance  was  formed.  The  battles  of 
Magenta  and  Solfeino  had  been  fought  just  a  little  while  before. 
Their  veterans  were  still  alive  and  Italy  still  had  her  old  grudge 
against  Austria,  there  was  still  under  Austrian  power,  Italian  soil  and 
Italian  population,  ''Italia  Irredenta."  How,  then,  was  Italy  brought 
into  this  Triple  Alliance?  It  is  explained  by  one  of  the  cleverest 
strokes  of  Bismarckian  diplomacy,  whereby  he  was  able  to  create 
antagonism  between  Italy  and  France,  to  encourage  France  in  the 
occupation  of  Tunisia,  to  destroy  Italy's  expectations  of  ever  gaining 
that  portion  of  Africa  which  she  regarded  as  her  own  logical  inheri- 
tance, which  had  become  the  home  of  countless  Italians  who  had 
emigrated  there — this,  and  the  natural  antagonism  which  springs 
between  two  countries  with  a  rivalry  for  the  dominance  of  the  Medit- 
erranean— was  sufficient  to  create  such  an  animosity  between  France 
and  Italy  that  she  was  brought  to  ally  herself  with  Austria,  her  in- 
veterate enemy,  and  with  the  new  Empire  of  Germany. 

That  Triple  Alliance  has  endured  many  years,  a  great  thing  in 
men's  imaginations,  a  great  force  in  European  politics.  It  was  re- 
newed no  longer  a^o  than  1911,  and  yet  today  it  is  paralyzed,  if  it 
is  not  dead.  Italy  has  seen  that  her  interest  does  not  lie  in  that 
direction.  The  last  few  years  have  demonstrated  to  her,  if  she  did 
not  see  it  clearly  before,  that  her  unavoidable  enemy  is  Austria,  that 
their  rivalry  for  the  Adriatic  is  the  great  issue  in  her  foreign  rela- 
tions.    Italy's  attack  upon  the  Ottoman  Empire,  long  the  object  of 


14  California  Society 

German  friendship,  and  the  seizure  of  Tripoli  weakened,  if  it  did  not 
disintegrate,  this  Triple  Alliance,  so  that  today  I  think  we  can  say 
it  is  no  more.  It  may  not  be  true,  that  newspaper  dispatch  of  not  so 
many  nights  ago,  that  quoted  the  German  Emperor  as  sending  a 
message  to  the  King  of  Italy,  ' '  Conquerer  or  conquered,  I  will  never 
forget  your  treachery" — that  may  not  be  true,  but  there  probably  is 
an  unforgivable  difference  today  between  Italy  and  her  former  ally. 
And  if  she  is  to  be  found  fighting  in  this  war,  there  is  every  pre- 
sumption that  it  will  be  against  her  former  partners  in  the  Triple 
Alliance. 

There  is  another  very  striking  thing  in  this  situation.  It  is  the 
strength  that  has  been  brought  together  against  Germany  herself; 
the  not  quite  complete  isolation .  of  Germany,  because  Austria  and 
Germany  stand  very  strongly  together,  but  the  "encirclement,"  as 
the  Germans  themselves  called  it,  of  those  two  peoples  by  the  other 
powers.  It  was  a  cardinal  principle  of  Bismarck's  diplomacy  that 
Germany  should  never  have  more  than  one  enemy  at  a  time.  All  of 
his  great  ability  was  devoted  to  that  end,  that  there  should  not  be 
more  than  one  serious  antagonism  nurtured  between  Germany  and  an- 
other power  at  once.  He  dreaded  a  coalition.  His  efforts  were  de- 
voted to  defeating  every  coalition.  And  as  long  as  he  remained  at 
the  head  of  German  statesmanship,  he  was  able  to  prevent  any  coali- 
tion against  Germany.  But  he  retired  in  1890.  The  German  ship  of 
state  lost  its  pilot.  And  in  1891,  Ribot,  the  French  diplomat,  was 
able  to  conclude  a  dual  alliance  which  brought  a  new  political  force 
into  the  world.  That  dual  alliance  did  not  distress  German  suscepti- 
bilities for  a  time,  because  there  was  an  understanding  between  Ger- 
many and  Russia  that  it  was  only  a  defensive  arrangement.  And 
furthermore,  Russia,  during  the  years  following  this  dual  alliance, 
was  turning  eastward.  Russian  expectations  of  great  power  were  in 
the  Orient.  The  pressure  was  off  of  Europe.  Russia  was  struggling 
to  carry  her  power  out  onto  the  Pacific,  and  make  of  herself  a  great 
Pacific  power  at  Vladivostok  and  at  Port  Arthur.  That  was  the 
Russian  imperial  ambition  down  to  1905,  and,  so  long  as  that  was 
Russia's  ambition,  she  had  the  full  encouragement  of  Germany,  and 
German  statesmanship  believed  that  it  was  secure  against  the  rest- 
lessness and  imperial  spirit  of  Russia. 

But  Russia's  defeat  in  1905  changed  the  aspect  of  things.  The 
aspirations  that  Russia  had  held  were  defeated.  If  France  suffered 
by  reason  of  the  humiliation  of  her  ally,  German  susceptibilities 
were  again  aroused  by  the  fact  that  Russia  turned  her  gaze  from  the 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  15 

east  back  onto  Europe,  and  recommenced  to  make  herself  formidable 
upon  the  frontiers  of  Germany  and  of  the  Austro-Hungarian  Empire. 
She  renewed  her  interest  in  the  solution  of  the  Balkan  question,  she 
revived  her  ambition  to  secure  the  Dardanelles,  and,  by  the  success- 
ful reorganization  of  her  military  forces,  she  became  formidable  to 
the  German  Empire,  and  seems  to  have  been  the  one  great  element 
of  dread  which  moved  Germany  to  her  part  in  this  war. 

Now,  it  is  very  easy  for  us  to  condemn  Germany.  We  are  disposed 
to  do  it,  most  of  us.  But  we  must  remember  this  fact  about  Germany, 
that  she  lies  in  a  position  which  is  not  naturally  defensive.  She  has 
no  strong  defensive  frontiers  on  any  side.  She  has  no  Alps,  no 
Pyrenees  guarding  her,  she  has  no  British  Channel  protecting  her 
from  attack.  On  west  and  east  and  all  sides,  there  are  enemies  which 
she  dreads.  And  the  basal  principle  of  German  statesmanship,  that 
she  can  only  preserve  her  freedom,  and  her  independence  by  a  com- 
plete military  organization  and  remaining  constantly  in  a  position 
of  defense  and  of  great  strength,  is  a  sound  one  because  essential  to 
her  very  existence,  and  to  the  free  and  independent  action  of  her 
people.  And  if  we  can  understand  and  excuse  British  dread  at  the 
rise  of  Germany's  imperial  navy,  we  can  certainly  understand  Ger- 
man fear  when  it  saw  Russia  again  formidable  upon  her  eastern 
frontier,  and  France  pursuing,  as  the  Germans  believed,  her  long- 
cherished  expectation  of  revenge. 

There  is  another  great  change  that  has  come  about  in  the  last 
thirty  or  forty  years,  and  that  is  the  great  triumph  of  French  diplo- 
macy, in  raising  France  out  of  a  position  of  isolation,  weak  and 
menaced  on  all  sides,  into  a  position  fortified  by  friendly  understand- 
ing and  by  alliances  with  great  and  formidable  powers. 

So  far  as  Russia  is  concerned,  I  have  already  spoken  of  the  Dual" 
Alliance.  But  the  other  essential  element  in  French  strength,  lay 
in  an  understanding  with  Great  Britain.  And  that  achievement,  one 
of  the  great  achievements  of  diplomacy,  it  seems  to  me,  in  modem 
times,  was  very  largely  the  work  of  that  great  diplomat  and  states- 
man, Theophile  Delcasse,  a  man  who,  at  the  outbreak  of  this  war, 
was  recalled  into  the  French  cabinet,  to  his  old  position  as  Minister  of 
Foreign  Affairs.  Down  to  1898  France  was  not  only  a  country 
menaced  by  the  possibility  of  fresh  war  with  Germany,  a  war  which 
Bismarck,  in  a  terrible  phrase,  said  would  last  until  "France  was 
bled  white" — not  only  was  she  menaced  by  that  fearful  possibility, 
but  she   had   old   outstanding   grievances   with    Great   Britain   that 


16  California  Society 

menaced  her  peace.  For  Great  Britain  and  France  were  rivals  in 
many  parts  of  the  world,  and  they  were  traditional  enemies,  for  who 
can  say  how  many  centuries. 

Now,  Delcasse,  who  came  to  the  head  of  the  French  Foreign  Office 
in  1898,  was  a  young  man,  but  he  had  a  definite  policy,  and  that 
policy  was  agreement  and  adjustment  of  differences  with  England. 
And  he  made  the  statement  when  he  took  that  portfolio,  that  he  would 
not  relinquish  it  until  every  difficulty  with  England  was  adjusted. 
He  kept  at  it  through  seven  years,  through  successive  administrations, 
and  achieved  all  that  he  said  he  would,  a  complete  settlement  of  dif- 
ferences with  England.  The  Fashoda  crisis  was  safely  weathered,  an 
agreement  reached  in  regard  to  their  position  in  the  Far  East,  Burmah 
and  Indo-China;  a  settlement  of  the  Madagascar  dispute;  difficulty 
after  difficulty  was  solved,  until  finally,  in  1904,  France  and  Eng- 
land concluded  a  treaty  which  solved  the  last  of  the  great  outstanding 
rivalries  whereby  France  accorded  to  England  a  free  hand  in  Egypt, 
and  England  gave  to  France  complete  freedom  in  her  policy  of 
penetration  in  Morocco.  That  great  adjustment  of  difficulties  made 
possible  a  cordid  understanding  between  those  two  nations,  and 
made  it  possible  for  them  to  come  together  as  allies  in  this  war. 

Now,  there  is  another  great  change  to  be  noted,  and  that  is  the 
change  in  Great  Britain's  position.  You  go  back  a  few  decades,  and 
England  was  alone,  without  formal  alliance  on  any  hand.  She  prided 
herself  upon  her  ' '  splendid  isolation, ' '  and  upon  the  tremendous  naval 
power  and  imperial  power  which  enabled  her  to  stand  alone  in  the 
w^orld,  powerful  and  unassailable.  That  has  altered  in  recent  years. 
Great  Britain  has  abandoned  her  position  of  isolation  for  a  position 
of  friendly  understanding  and  of  alliances.  Why  has  she  done  this? 
She  has  done  it,  it  seems  to  me,  because  of  the  growing  feeling  of 
enmity  and  difference  between  herself  and  Germany  within  the  last 
fifteen  years.  This  is  a  new  force  in  the  world,  this  bitterness  and 
antagonism  between  Englishmen  and  Germans ;  a  new  factor  in  world 
politics.  It  did  not  exist  two  decades  ago,  except  in  the  minds  of  a 
few  men.  One  such  man  was  the  German  professor,  von  Treitschke, 
who  denounced  England  all  his  long  life.  Such  a  strong  imperialist 
paper  as  the  "London  Spectator,"  as  long  ago  as  twenty  years,  be- 
gan to  preach  the  danger  of  German  power  to  the  British  Empire. 
But  down  to  the  end  of  the  last  century,  there  was  no  strong  indica- 
tion of  the  terrible  hostility  and  bitterness  which  separate  those  two 
peoples  today.  They  heretofore  have  been  allied  and  friends.  Their 
soldiers  fought  together  at  Waterloo,  and  in  the  campaigns  of  Fred- 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  17 

erick  the  Great.  There  did  not  seem  to  be  reasons  why  they  should 
be  hostile.  The  traditional  hostility  of  England  was  that  directed 
against  France.  And  while  it  may  be  hard  to  fully  explain  this 
present  enmity,  it  seems  to  have  sprung  out  of  the  German  desire  for 
a  larger  place  in  the  sun,  for  a  great  colonial  empire  commensurate 
with  her  military  strength,  her  power,  her  discipline  as  a  nation,  and 
her  need  of  commerce.  That  was  Germany's  position.  And  Germany 
found  herself  thwarted  in  many  parts  of  the  world  by  British 
diplomacy  and  by  the  better  position  which  England  occupied  in  the 
diplomatic  defense  of  her  commerce  and  of  her  interests.  A  series  of 
episodes  culminated  about  the  year  1900  when  the  British  defeated 
German  plans  whereby  they  expected  to  finance  the  Bagdad  Railway 
and  get  a  port  in  the  Persian  Gulf,  which  England  anticipated  them 
in  securing.  It  was  that  very  year  that  the  German  Reichstag  passed 
the  great  naval  bill  of  Germany,  the  bill  which  started  this  intense 
rivalry  for  naval  power,  this  building  of  dreadnaughts  and  super- 
dreadnaughts,  a  bill  which  laid  down  a  program  which,  in  a  short 
space  of  years,  would  make  Germany  formidable  upon  the  sea,  and 
which  had  a  prelude,  which  reads  that  it  was  Germany's  need  and 
intention  to  possess  a  sufficient  battle  fleet  so  strong  that  not  the 
greatest  power  on  the  water  would  attack  her  with  impunity  or  with- 
out anticipation  of  defeat. 

That  was  a  note  of  alarm  to  England,  and  it  changed  British  for- 
eign policies.  Great  Britain  concluded  her  alliance  with  Japan,  she 
effected  an  understanding  with  France,  that  released  her  own  fleet 
from  the  Mediterranean,  and  what  was  more,  and  so  far  as  we  are 
concerned  of  greater  interest,  she  reached  a  complete  understanding 
with  the  United  States,  and  yielded  to  the  United  States  her  own 
position  of  predominance  in  the  Caribbean.  Down  to  the  end  of  the 
century  Great  Britain  was  the  predominant  power  in  the  waters  of 
the  Caribbean.  She  had  and  still  has  important  possessions  there, 
although  their  economic  importance  has  diminished.  And  she  had  a 
long  traditional  policy  of  tolerating  no  first-class  power  at  the  Isth- 
mus of  Darien,  any  more  than  she  would  tolerate  one  at  the  Straits 
of  Gibraltar  or  of  Aden.  She  surrendered  all  of  that  in  1902,  when, 
for  the  sake  of  peace  with  the  United  States,  for  the  sake  of  support 
here,  she  yielded  to  us  and  gave  us  the  Ilay-Pauncefote  Treaty,  can- 
celled the  Clayton-Bulwer  Treaty  that  tied  our  hands,  and  relin- 
quished to  us  that  position  of  predominance  in  the  Caribbean  which 
she  had  effectively  held  so  long.  Following  the  Ilay-Pauncefote 
treaty  she  dismantled  her  naval  stations  in  the  Caribbean,  at  Port 
Royal  and  Santa  Lucia,  and  removed  her  fleet.     Two  or  three  years 


18  California  Society 

ago  I  went  to  Port  Royal,  the  old  naval  base  of  Great  Britain,  on 
the  Island  of  Jamaica,  a  very  famous  and  romantic  old  place,  a 
place  that  was  for  years  frequented  by  the  buccaneers.  There  was  a 
time  when  it  was  the  greatest  slave  mart  in  the  world,  and  then  Eng- 
land fortified  it,  and  spent  millions  of  pounds  and  thousands  of  lives 
in  making  it  one  of  the  great  strategical  points  of  her  imperial 
power.  You  can  go  there  today  and  see  the  great  concrete  masonry 
fortifications,  standing  out  across  the  channel.  There  are  long  lines  of 
disused  barracks  on  the  shore.  You  walk  along  the  sands,  and  see 
the  figureheads  of  the  prows  of  old  ships  that  at  one  time  were 
proud  elements  in  the  British  navy.  But  British  power  is  gone. 
Across  on  the  other  shore,  at  Santiago  de  la  Vega,  there  is  a  great 
statute  of  Rodney,  the  English  admiral  who  won  the  great  victory 
that  gave  Britain  the  command  of  the  ocean.  This  figure  of  Rodney 
looks  out  across  the  Bay  of  Kingston  toward  the  lesser  Antilles, 
where  his  triumph  was  won,  but  it  looks  out  upon  waters  and  islands 
where  Great  Britain  has  relinquished  her  predominance  to  another 
power. 

England  did  this — it  is  obvious  today — withdrawing  her  fleet 
from  the  Caribbean,  withdrawing  her  fleet  from  the  Far  East  under 
her  agreement  with  Japan,  and  from  the  Mediterranean  in  agreement 
with  France,  in  order  to  concentrate  all  her  naval  power  in  the 
British  channel,  where  it  was  at  the  outbreak  of  this  war.  In  1905 
she  reorganized  her  whole  naval  programme  in  the  great  act  of  Lord 
John  Fisher,  and  reorganized  primarily  to  meet  the  growing  naval 
power  of  Germany. 

I  do  not  care  to  go  on  with  these  matters  further.  I  indicate  them 
to  you  simply  as  factors  in  the  great  change  that  has  come  over 
European  politics  in  the  last  twenty-five  or  thirty  years.  Bring 
Disraeli  to  the  scene  today,  bring  back  Gortchakoff  or  Bismarck  him- 
self, and  they  would  look  on  a  field  of  diplomacy  and  of  international 
relationship  which  they  could  no  longer  recognize.  Bismarck,  who 
dreaded  the  combination  of  any  two  powers  against  Germany,  what 
would  he  say  today  to  find  Germany  fighting  seven  at  once?  It  is 
a  new  spirit,  certainly,  behind  German  diplomacy  and  German  poli- 
tics, that  has  permitted  this  great  war.  It  is  not  the  far-sighted,  re- 
strained, moderate  policy  of  Bismarck. 

Finally,  perhaps,  I  might  venture  an  opinion  as  to  the  effect  that 
this  war  will  have  upon  our  own  politics  and  our  own  relations.  No 
one  can  say,  I  think,  at  this  hour,  whether  it  is  going  to  make  us 
more  warlike  or  less,  whether  we  are  going  to  abandon  our  expecta- 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  19 

tions  of  general  disarmament  and  fortify  and  arm,  or  whether  the 
reaction  against  war  is  going  to  be  so  profound  that  we,  in  common 
with  other  peoples  of  the  world,  will  insist  upon  some  form  of  under- 
standing that  will  be  a  more  secure  guaranty  of  peace  than  the  past 
has  seen.  But  in  some  respects,  I  think  it  is  going  to  modify  our 
policy,  or  intensify  it,  and  alter  our  feeling.  In  the  first  place,  I 
think  it  will  strengthen  the  long  traditional  policy  which  the  United 
States  has  held,  sometimes  understandingly,  sometimes  instinctively, 
but  nevertheless,  a  national  policy,  that  we  will  not  tolerate  European 
interference  with  the  politics  of  the  new  world.  I  believe  we  are 
resolved  as  a  people,  as  we  never  have  been  resolved  before,  that 
American  differences  on  either  continent  shall  not  be  submitted 
to  a  Concert  of  Europe,  or  be  taken  in  conference  to  London,  Al- 
gerias  or  Berlin.  We  appreciate,  as  never  before,  our  immense  ad- 
vantage in  keeping  American  affairs  distinct  from  those  of  Europe 
and  the  Mediterranean.  That  is  the  first  thing.  And  whether  we 
call  this  the  Monroe  Doctrine,  or  whether  we  call  it  something  greater 
and  more  comprehensive  than  the  Monroe  Doctrine,  the  American 
Doctrine,  it  is  going  to  remain  the  fundamental  basis  of  our  whole 
foreign  policy.  And  I  think  we  are  going  to  see  ourselves  more  ready 
to  secure  the  peace  of  this  western  hemisphere  by  the  assumption  of 
greater  responsibility.  I  believe  we  are  going  to  see  the  Senate  rati- 
fying that  treaty  with  Nicaragua,  which  has  lain  unratified  now  for 
some  years,  giving  to  us  a  naval  base,  which,  to  my  mind  we  greatly 
need,  in  the  Gulf  of  Fonseca.  I  think  it  is  going  to  end  the  advocacy 
of  certain  projects,  for  instance,  the  project  to  neutralize  the  Philip- 
pine Islands.  That  has  been  a  policy  which  has  had  its  advocates 
on  the  floor  of  Congress,  and  in  private  circles,  that  we  can  somehow 
solve  the  whole  responsibility  for  the  Philippines  by  securing  an  in- 
ternational supervision  of  those  turbulent  and  difficult  islands.  I 
don't  think  we  will  hear  that  argued  again.  Our  confidence  in  thai 
sort  of  diffused  responsibility  is  gone.  We  realize  that  such  ar- 
rangement, no  matter  how  solemnly  entered  into,  no  matter  if  sancti- 
fied in  the  name  of  the  Most  High,  as  was  the  case  with  Belgium, 
does  not  stand  in  the  exigencies  that  confront  nations  on  the  verge 
of  war. 

I  believe,  too,  that  it  is  going  to  change,  somewhat,  our  national 
attitude.  I  have  the  feeling  that  we  have  grown  over-optimistic  in  our 
confidence  in  human  nature,  that  we  have  trusted  mankind  to  act 
sensibly  and  rationally  and  in  accordance  with  its  apparent  interest, 
and  the  dictates  of  reason.  Now,  men  do  not  act  that  way,  they  never 
have  acted  that  way.    Men  act,  traditionally  and  historically,  on  the 


20  California  Society 

basis  of  their  powerful  prejudices  and  their  passions,  not  according 
to  reason.  And  we  may,  I  think,  understand  that  fact  better  than 
we  have  understood  it  in  the  past.  You  can't  count  on  reason  to 
keep  the  peace  of  the  world.  I  think  this  war  is  going  to  dissolve  a 
good  many  of  our  expectations  of  the  perfectability  of  mankind,  and 
generally  bring  us  down  to  more  positive  ground,  less  idealistic,  per- 
haps, less  optimistic,  perhaps,  as  to  the  future  of  the  race,  but  closer 
to  the  facts  than  we  have  been  for  some  time  in  the  field  of  political 
affairs. 

Finally,  I  hope  and  believe  that  all  that  has  taken  place  in, 
Europe  will  increase  our  disposition  as  a  freer  nation,  though  not 
necessarily  a  better,  to  set  a  higher  example  in  the  field  of  diplomacy 
to  the  world.  I  don't  know  that  I  could  fully  support  the  words  I 
am  going  to  read  to  you,  but  this  certainly  is  a  very  high  and  noble 
statement  of  what  the  foreign  policy  of  a  powerful  nation,  a  free 
nation,  a  nation  which,  in  the  language  of  Burke,  because  it  is  so 
powerful,  can  offer  peace  with  honor,  may  be.  But  I  am  going  to 
read  the  language  of  two  great  Americans,  John  Hay  and  Elihu 
Root.  At  the  dinner  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  1901,  John 
Hay,  in  speaking  of  American  diplomacy,  used  these  words:  ''The 
best  expression  of  our  foreign  policy  is  the  Monroe  Doctrine  and  the 
Golden  Rule.  With  this  simple  chart  we  cannot  go  far  wrong. "  And 
these  words  of  Elihu  Root,  spoken  at  the  last  conference  at  Rio  de 
Janeiro  in  1906 : 

''We  wish  for  no  victories  but  those  of  peace,  no  territory  except 
our  own,  no  sovereignty  except  the  sovereignty  over  ourselves.  We 
deem  the  independence  and  equal  rights  of  the  smallest  and  weakest 
member  of  the  family  of  nations  entitled  to  as  much  respect  as  those 
of  the  greatest  empire,  and  we  deem  the  observance  of  that  respect 
the  chief  guaranty  of  the  weak  against  the  oppression  of  the  strong. 
We  wish  to  increase  our  prosperity,  to  expand  our  trade,  to  grow  in 
wealth,  in  wisdom  and  in  spirit.  But  our  conception  of  the  true 
way  to  accomplish  this  is  not  to  pull  down  others,  to  profit  by  their 
ruin,  but  to  help  all  others  to  a  common  prosperity  and  a  common 
growth,  that  we  all  may  become  greater  and  stronger  together. ' ' 

Ladies  and  gentlemen,  as  I  reflect  on  those  words,  and  as  I  reflect 
upon  this  situation  today,  and  upon  the  responsibility  which  we  bear 
as  a  nation,  able,  by  reason  of  its  freedom,  to  keep  its  word,  I  am 
glad  again  with  a  new  gladness  that  we  kept  our  word  and  gave  in- 
dependence to  Cuba,  and  that  our  Congress  in  recent  months  set  aside 
the  Panama  Canal  tolls. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  21 


OUR   FLAG 

By  Newell  B.  Woodworth  of  Syracuse  N.  Y.,  President  General  of 
National  Society  S.  A.  R.,  at  the  Banquet  Given  the  Adjourned 
National  Congress  at  the  Palace  Hotel. 

San  Francisco,  July  23,  1915. 

Mr.  President,  Past  President  General,  Honorary  Vice-President 
of  the  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution,  fellow  American  Citi- 
zens and  Compatriots: 

I  assure  you  it  is  a  pleasure  for  me  to  be  here  with  you,  and  I 
know  I  voice  the  sentiment  of  all  those  from  the  East  in  stating  to 
you  that  we  have  enjoyed  the  hospitality  you  have  extended.  You 
have  greeted  us  in  a  way  that  has  made  us  feel  at  home — you  have 
extended  the  hand  of  friendship  with  that  cordial,  heartfelt  gracious- 
ness  that  has  made  us  feel  that  you  were  really  glad  to  see  us,  and 
we  are  certainly  glad  to  see  you. 

I  think  it  is  very  fortunate  that  this  Congress  met  west  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains.  It  has  brought  us  all  closer  together,  and  I  believe 
with  a  closer  association  our  Society  will  be  capable  of  greater  Work. 
Tonight  it  is  particularly  gratifying  to  have  with  us  the  founder 
of  this  organization,  Dr.  James  Lafayette  Cogswell.  I  consider  it  a 
high  privilege  to  be  able  to  extend  to  him  my  personal  congratulations 
on  his  inspiration  that  led  to  the  formation  of  this  Society,  as  well  as 
my  great  personal  pleasure  at  his  presence  with  us  this  evening.  In- 
deed those  Sons  of  Revolutionary  Sires  sowed  a  greater  harvest  of 
patriotism  than  they  could  have  foreseen.  As  President  General  of 
1915,  I  pay  my  respects  to  the  President  of  1875. 

At  the  present  time,  with  the  many  perplexing  questions  confront- 
ing our  country,  not  alone  the  war  abroad,  but  the  many  theories 
that  are  being  propounded  in  our  own  country  as  to  what  we  should 
do  as  a  nation,  there  seems  to  be  greater  need  than  ever  of  a  patriotic 
organization  having  purposes  such  as  the  Sons  of  the  American  Revo- 
lution. There  are  advocates  that  would  have  us  absolutely  unprepared 
to  defend  that  flag  of  ours  yonder.  And  what  is  represented  in  the 
folds  of  the  flag?  All  the  philosophy  and  learning  of  ancient  Greece 
and  Rome,  all  that  was  best  of  the  civilization  of  the  Middle  Ages ;  all 
the  blood  of  our  ancestors  and  their  self-sacrifices  and  their  self-de- 


22  California  Society 

votion  to  duty,  not  alone  the  men,  but  the  women  who  gave,  perhaps, 
more  than  the  men,  because  it  was  for  the  women  to  wait,  and  wait, 
while  the  men  had  the  excitement  and  glory  of  action.  All  these  are 
within  those  folds,  as  well  as  all  other  provisions  of  our  Constitution 
and  all  our  statutorj^  law  and  court  decisions  with  all  that  this 
means  to  the  world,  and  what  does  that  not  mean  today  to  the  world 
of  civilization.  The  blood  of  those  who  have  died  to  save  those  folds 
in  all  completeness  are  contained  therein,  and  today  what  flag  in  all 
Christendom  or  in  all  the  world  stands  more  for  the  rights  of  hu- 
manity and  of  justice  than  yonder  flag. 

Is  it  not  then  for  us  as  the  greatest  duty  that  could  devolve  upon 
Americans  by  heritage  and  by  blood,  to  see  that  all  that  flag  contains 
and  represents  within  its  folds  shall  always  stand  aloft  as  an  example 
to  all  the  world  of  equality,  justice,  civilization  and  humanity,  and 
in  this  endeavor  there  is  work  for  societies  of  this  kind  to  do.  Your 
President  has  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  only  about  27  per  cent 
of  your  fellow  citizens  are  American  born.  This  alien  majority  is  a 
problem  of  which  some  organization  must  take  cognizance  and  must 
assume  leadership,  and  why  not  our  own  Society — in  seeing  that  those 
composing  it  are  taught  what  American  spirit  is  and  what  it  means. 
Particularly  is  this  important  at  this  time  since  now  all  the  West 
and  your  own  Pacific  coast  is  populated,  and  these  aliens  are  flowing 
back  into  the  great  cities  to  form  racial  communities,  which  are  difli- 
cult  to  reach  unless  there  is  a  distinct  effort  made  by  some  organiza- 
tion to  go  directly  to  the  heart  of  these  racial  communities  and  teach 
these  aliens  what  they  should  know  of  our  institutions  and  of  the  con- 
trolling law.  I  believe  the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  in  this 
movement,  that  is  probably  destined  to  become  permanent  as  we  rec- 
ognize more  clearly  our  inter-racial  obligation,  have  an  opportunity 
for  great  practical  work,  and  I  believe  that  we  should  be  judged  as 
active  members  of  this  organization  not  by  the  pride  that  we  may  have 
for  what  our  ancestors  did  in  their  time,  but  rather  what  we  are  today 
doing  with  our  own  lives  in  our  time  to  maintain  what  they  cour- 
ageously secured.  The  principles  of  '76  are  as  vital  today  as  when 
our  ancestors  risked  and  gave  life.  It  was  to  perpetuate  these  prin- 
ciples and  their  memory  that  this  Society  was  primarily  organized. 
Our  forefathers  were  compelled  to  appeal  to  the  God  of  battles,  per- 
haps we  may,  to  defend  our  flag  and  all  its  folds  contain,  but  pray 
God  that  may  not  be  so,  but  if  we  are,  let  us  be  fully  prepared  spirit- 
ually and  materially,  to  defend  it  even  as  they  fought  to  create  it. 
On  the  principles  of  '76  all  Americans  can  rally;  like  the  flag  these 
are  alike  to  us  all,  whether  we  are  of  the  North,  the  South,  the  East 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  23 

or  the  West,  and  it  is  for  us  to  maintain  these  principles  and  to 
watch  that  the  flag  remains  as  the  one  flag  of  justice,  of  equality  and 
of  brotherhood  of  man  to  all  the  world. 

"One  generation  passeth  away,  and  another  generation  cometh, 
but  the  earth  abideth  forever."  May  we  not  then  in  the  present 
hope  to  do  our  part  as  patriotic  American  men  and  American  women — 
do  our  humble  part  that  our  flag  and  our  Republic  may  endure 
forever. 


THEIR  OPPORTUNITY  AND  OURS 

By  William  H.  Jordan,  at  the  Banquet^  Given  the  Adjourned  Na- 
tional Congress  at  the  Palace  Hotel. 

San  Francisco,  July  23,  1915. 

Mr.  Toastmaster,  Mr.  President-General  of  the  National  Society, 
Daughters  and  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  and  Guests:  No 
man  in  whose  veins  courses  the  blood  of  a  Revolutionary  sire  has  a 
right  to  refuse  to  obey  an  order  from  his  superior  officers  directing 
him  to  contribute  his  quota  of  effort  upon  an  occasion  such  as  this. 

Entertaining  this  sentiment  I  gave  my  consent  a  few  days  ago  to 
respond  tonight  to  the  toast  just  announced.  A  native  modesty  and 
an  inborn  timidity — characteristic  of  all  Califomians — compels  me  to 
admit  that  I  feel  much  embarrassed  in  this  presence,  and  can  only 
promise  in  the  discharge  of  this  duty  to  do  the  best  I  can,  trusting 
entirely  to  your  patient  forbearance  and  hope  for  a  safe  escape  when 
I  shall  have  concluded. 

My  predicament  reminds  me  strongly  of  that  of  a  certain  pianist 
spoken  of  by  a  celebrated  Englishman,  who,  upon  returning  from  a 
trip  to  America,  was  asked  what  he  had  seen  over  here  that  caused 
him  the  greatest  surprise,  and  replied  that  it  was  a  sign  which  he  had 
seen  on  the  wall  of  a  dance  house  in  a  cow  town  out  West.  Happen- 
ing to  arrive  at  the  village  on  an  afternoon  just  as  the  cowboys  were 
gathering  from  the  plains,  and  making  it  rather  lively  by  shooting 
things  up  generally,  he  strolled  into  the  dance  hall,  where  music 
and  the  shuffling  of  feet,  interspersed  with  an  occasional  pistol  shot, 
attracted  him.  As  he  entered  he  noticed  on  the  wall  over  the  piano 
this  sign:  "Please  Don't  Shoot  the  Pianist  for  He  Is  Doing  the  Best 
He  Can." 


24  California  Society 

Let  me  hope  that  you  will  catch  the  full  significance  of.  this  little 
story  and  permit  me  to  conclude  my  task  without  serious  mishap,  or 
the  necessity  of  sending  for  an  ambulance. 

In  looking  over  this  splendid  company  it  is  a  pleasure  to  see 
present  so  many  ladies.  It  reminds  me  of  the  fact  that  such  a  scene 
was  not  possible  a  hundred  years  ago.  Wise  as  may  have  been  **ye 
men  of  ye  olden  time, ' '  yet  it  is  evident  that  they  did  not  know  it  all, 
or  they  certainly  never  would  have  closed  the  doors  of  their  banquet 
halls  upon  our  good  mothers.  Since  such  was  their  custom,  it  is 
surely  no  wonder  that  it  should  have  so  often  happened,  upon  such 
occasions,  when  unprotected  by  the  restraining  and  elevating  in- 
fluence of  their  wives,  that  those  dear,  weak,  old  worthies  of  the 
powdered  wig  and  buckled  shoe,  who  never  saw  a  temperance  pledge 
in  their  lives,  should  have  imbibed  too  deeply  of  the  flowing  bowl, 
and  inhaling  the  odors  of  the  boozy  drug  in  their  tangled  brains, 
have  been  found  in  the  morning,  like  kings  of  the  blood,  comfortably 
tucked  away  under  the  tables. 

Our  Revolutionary  prototype  was  indeed  a  man  of  sterling  parts. 
That  he  was  brave,  patriotic,  self-denying,  no  one  can  gainsay.  If 
intolerant  and  uncompromising  in  politics  and  religion,  he  was  yet 
prayerfully  conscientious  in  all  matters  of  family  discipline,  having 
a  pious  regard  for  the  corrective  qualities  of  the  rod  that  was  truly 
wonderful. 

Unfortunately,  the  State  of  California  was  not  a  part  of  the  earth 
a  hundred  years  ago,  hence,  we  have  here  none  of  those  great  land 
marks  to  which  you  of  the  East  make  frequent  pilgrimages.  We  have 
here  no  Lexington,  no  Bunker  Hills,  no  Monmouths,  no  Yorktowns, 
to  which  we  may  take  you;  nor  have  we  any  ancient  dwellings,  with 
their  quaintly  gabled  roofs  and  towering  chimneys,  where  once  lived 
and  died  the  heroes  of  those  early  days.  But,  though  denied  the  in- 
spiration which  such  scenes  afford,  yet  we  may  meet  at  times,  as  to- 
night, and,  taking  down  the  scrolls  of  history,  contemplate  the  splen- 
dors of  the  past. 

Though  there  are  here  no  battlefields,  or  historic  dwellings,  of  the 
days  of  76,  still,  happily  the  love  of  liberty  is  not  circumscribed  by 
territorial  lines,  or  confined  in  stately  buildings,  but  it  abides,  and 
abides  forever,  in  the  hearts  of  all  those  who  hate  tyranny,  love  justice 
and  believe  in  the  equal  rights  and  equal  responsibilities  of  all  man- 
kind. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  25 

And  so  here  in  California,  where  the  sun  kisses  the  continent  with 
his  last  departing  beams  at  the  close  of  day,  it  is  fitting  that  tonight 
we,  who  are  sons  and  daughters  of  an  illustrious  ancestry — ^sons  and 
daughters  of  freedom — should  pay  tribute  to  the  memory  of  those 
brave  men,  who  more  than  a  hundred  years  ago,  availing  themselves  of 
an  opportunity,  the  equal  of  which  never  before  had  come  to  mortal 
man,  made  that  freedom  possible. 

Theirs  was  the  opportunity  to  found  upon  this  continent  a  gov- 
ernment ' '  of  the  people  and  by  the  people  and  for  the  people, ' '  which, 
by  its  uplifting  power,  should  modify  and  recast  every  civilized  gov- 
ernment throughout  the  world.  To  such  a  pass  had  the  world  then 
come,  that  to  them  was  given  the  opportunity  to  call  into  being  a  new 
principle  of  government,  which  was  destined  within  a  single  century, 
to  take  the  sceptre  of  arbitrary  power  from  the  hand  of  every  king 
and  ruler  in  Christendom. 

This  was  their  opportunity,  and  now,  let  us  consider,  if  you  will, 
the  striking  parallels  that  appear  when  we  read  the  history  of  those 
eventful  days,  and  consider  the  days  in  which  we  now  are  living. 

First,  however,  let  me  say,  that  I  wish  it  to  be  understood,  that  in 
speaking  of  the  days  of  our  Revolutionary  sires,  I  do  not  refer  solely 
to  that  period  of  seven  years  embraced  by  the  war  of  Independence, 
but  rather  to  the  span  of  their  average  active  lives,  say  from  1776  to 
1815,  a  period  of  thirty-nine  years,  during  which  time  they  were 
necessary  factors  in  the  formation  and  management  of  the  govern- 
ment of  our  country — a  period  that  embraced  not  only  the  war  of  the 
Revolution,  but  the  French  Revolution  and  the  Napoleonic  wars,  as 
well. 

During  those  eventful  years  in  the  lives  of  our  fathers,  all  the 
nations  of  Europe  that  are  now  at  war  were  grappling  with  each 
other  in  the  most  gigantic  struggle  that  up  to  that  time  the  world 
had  ever  known.  It  was  a  struggle  for  existence  with  them  all.  Eng- 
land and  France,  Prussia — now  Germany — Austria,  Russia,  Belgium, 
Italy  and  Turkey  battled  with  each  other,  as  they  are  now  battling — 
the  only  difference  being  in  their  alignment,  the  size  of  the  armies, 
the  character  of  their  weapons  and  the  scientific  refinement  in  thir 
methods  of  slaughter.  Then,  as  now,  the  allied  nations  were  arraigned 
against  a  vast  military  power  that  had  entered  the  struggle  fully 
prepared  and  which  was  skilfully  maneuvered.  Then,  as  now,  the 
allies  fought  against  the  supremacy  of  a  great  war  lord  who  believed 
in  his  star  of  destiny.  Then,  as  now,  the  right  of  one  nation  to  rule 
the  seas  was  questioned.    Then,  as  now,  a  determined  effort  was  made 


26  California  Society 

to  destroy  the  trade  of  England,  and  in  retaliation  England  blockaded 
the  ports  of  her  enemies.  Then,  as  now,  the  rights  of  neutrals  to 
trade  with  belligerent  nations  became  involved.  Then,  as  now,  the 
United  States  protested  against  wrongs  committed  to  American  ships 
and  American  citizens,  and  in  vigorous  terms  demanded  that  they 
cease.    Then,  as  now,  "the  world  was  out  of  joint." 

Marvelous  indeed,  when  we  stop  to  think,  are  these  parallels.  How 
like  the  days  of  our  fathers  are  the  days  in  which  we  live !  But  God 
grant,  that  the  parallels  may  stop  where  they  are,  for  then  in  the 
year  1812  our  repeated  protests  against  the  violation  of  the  rights  of 
our  shipping,  and  the  rights  of  our  seamen  being  disregarded,  we  too 
became  involved  in  the  maelstrom  of  war.  Think  of  such  a  thing 
happening  now  in  our  pitiable  state  of  unpreparedness  ? 

Our  fathers  believing  firmly  that  all  men  should  be  equal  before 
the  law,  founded  this  nation  in  righteousness.  Upon  that  foundation 
they  framed  our  constitution — the  greatest  chart  of  human  liberty 
ever  conceived  by  the  mind  of  man.  While  Europe  was  burning  and 
monarchies  were  crumbling,  they  made  good  their  opportunity  to 
build,  and  when  wars  ceased  the  people  of  Europe  found  this  nation 
leading  the  world  back  to  the  fields  of  industry,  and  art,  and  trade, 
and  to  the  pleasant  paths  of  peace. 

Thus  far  I  have  directed  your  attention  to  the  conditions  that 
prevailed  a  hundred  years  ago,  and  the  opportunities  that  fell  in  the 
pathway  of  our  fathers.  Today,  under  conditions  that  are  in  many 
phases  most  striking  in  their  similarity,  we  are  confronted  with  prob- 
lems to  be  solved — with  opportunities  to  be  availed  of. 

It  may  be  said,  however,  that  to  discuss,  in  public,  the  grave  prob- 
lems that  the  present  war  in  Europe  has  created  and  which  seriously 
affect  our  national  life  is  not  in  good  taste;  that  there  is  danger  in 
so  doing  of  wounding  the  feelings  and  sensibilities  of  some  of  our 
foreign  bom  citizens  whose  love  for  the  land  of  their  birth  is  such 
that  they  cannot  permit  anything  to  be  said  which  might  reflect  upon 
the  conduct  of  their  former  countrymen.  With  this  sentiment  I  am 
not  in  accord.  While  I  would  not  needlessly  wound  the  feelings  of 
any  one,  yet  I  am  an  American  and  unhesitatingly  reserve  the  right 
to  speak  plainly  and  without  undue  reserve,  in  public  as  well  as  in 
private,  upon  all  questions  in  which  the  rights  of  my  country  and  its 
citizens  are  involved.  We  who  enjoy  the  rights  of  citizenship,  whether 
native  or  foreign  born,  are  Americans,  and  the  less  we  use  the  hyphen 
in  designating  our  nationality  the  better;  the  less  we  talk  about  Ger- 
man-Americans, or  Italian-Americans,  or  Irish-Americans,  the  better 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  27 

it  will  be  for  us  all.  For  one.  I  know  of  no  such  people.  I  recog- 
nize no  citizenship  in  this  country  which  is  half  American  and  half 
foreign.  Every  man  who  has  taken  the  oath  of  allegiance  has  sworn 
to  defend  the  Star  and  Stripes  against  the  world,  and  when  he  did  so, 
and  not  till  then,  he  became  an  American  citizen,  and  not  a  hyphen- 
ated sympathizer  with  the  enemies  of  America.  He  may  cherish  the 
tradition  of  his  fathers  and  love  the  land  of  his  birth — that  is  but 
natural — hut  he  must  support  and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  Sates,  and  be  ready,  if  need  be,  to  lay  down  his  life  to  main- 
tain the  integrity  and  inviolability  of  this  nation  from  whatever 
source  it  may  be  assailed.  I  see  no  reason,  therefore,  why  we  may  not 
speak  freely  to  one  another  when  discussing  international  as  well  as 
local  affairs,  without  fear  of  wounding  the  sensibilities  of  any  one. 
Certainly  in  this  presence  there  is  no  need  of  restraint. 

Reverting  now  to  the  problem  which  this  hour  in  our  national  life 
presents — though  similar  in  many  respects  to  those  that  confronted 
our  forefathers,  yet,  they  must  be  approached  from  a  far  different 
angle.  Then  we  were  a  small  nation  scattered  along  the  Atlantic 
seaboard,  having  no  interest  elsewhere.  Now  we  are  an  acknowledged 
world  power,  stretching  from  seaboard  to  seaboard,  with  insular  pos- 
sessions that  extend  almost  around  the  globe.  Then  we  were  inter- 
ested only  in  being  let  alone;  now  there  is  no  phase  of  international 
law,  no  trade  regulation,  no  treaty  among  nations,  in  which  we  are 
not  interested,  by  which  we  may  not  be  affected. 

As  our  interests  have  broadened,  and  our  population  increased, 
so  have  our  responsibilities  grown.  With  increasing  responsibility  have 
come  increasing  obligations,  both,  to  our  own  people  and  to  the  world 
at  large,  and  these  obligations  must  be  discharged  with  a  due  regard 
for  our  national  honor  and  the  eternal  principles  of  justice  and  moral 
rectitude.  In  the  present  conflict  we  are  a  neutral  nation,  but  let  it 
be  remembered  that  neutrality  does  not  mean  the  abject  surrender  of 
inalienable  rights;  it  does  not  mean  that  we  are  to  sit  calmly  by  and 
permit  either  of  the  belligerents  to  wantonly  destroy  the  property  of 
American  citizens,  or  mercilessly  and  without  warning  slaughter  our 
people  when  traveling  the  seas  upon  their  lawful  business.  A  nation 
that  would  permit  such  a  course  of  conduct  would  be  scorned  by  all 
and  not  worthy  of  the  respect  of  any.  It  certainly  would  not  be 
w^orthy  of  an  ancestry  such  as  that  which  we,  the  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution,  boast. 

Nor  do  I  think  that  there  is  reason  to  believe  that  our  neutrality 
will  be  so  construed.    Neither  does  it  necessarily  follow  that  to  main- 


28  Calipornia  Society 

tain  these  rights  which  have  always  been  ours,  and  which  cannot  in 
hx)nor  be  relinquished,  we  shall  be  drawn  into  that  great  cataclysm  of 
blood  and  misery  that  is  now  raging  across  the  sea.  Certainly  no  such 
dreadful  event  wUl  happen  if  it  can  with  honor  be  prevented  by  the 
calm  wisdom,  the  firmness,  and  the  patriotic  devotion  of  that  bravely 
patient  mtm,  President  Woodrow  Wilson,  into  whose  hands  a  blessed 
Providence  has  at  this  time  placed  the  destinies  of  the  Nation.  Under 
his  directing  genius,  supported  by  a  united  people,  and  it  is  the  duty 
of  every  loyal  American  to  give  such  support,  we  may  have  confidence 
Hiat  these  weighty  problems  will  find  a  happy  solution.  That  the 
rights  of  our  people  %viU  be  preserved,  and  national  honor  maintained ; 
and  that  when  peace  shall  come  at  last,  it  will  find  America  leading 
the  world  back  to  sanity  and  repentance.  Then  will  come  a  clear 
vision  of  the  great  opportunity  that  the  present  crisis  is  sure  to  bring 
to  us,  the  arrival  of  which  is  already  at  our  gates. 

For  one,  I  believe  in  peace,  yet  I  am  not  of  that  class  of  people 
who  would  have  "peace  at  any  price."  There  is  a  price  which  no 
nation,  more  than  an  individual,  can  afford  to  pay  for  peace.  Peace 
without  honor  is  degradation  and  degradation  with  a  nation  is  death. 
Our  fathers  were  a  peace-loving  people,  but  they  more  than  once 
were  compelled  to  conquer  that  peace  with  the  rifle  and  the  sword. 
So  if  need  be  must  we,  if  we  wish  to  preserve  our  birthright  and 
maintain  the  respect  of  the  nations  of  the  world. 

Now,  as  never  before,  is  the  future  big  for  us,  both  in  material  and 
in  moral  gains.  Consider  for  a  moment  the  material  prospect.  Every 
country  in  Europe  is  so  increasing  its  debt  and  destroying  the  af- 
fluence of  its  people  that  bankruptcy  already  begins  to  stare  them  in 
the  face ;  money  in  vast  sums  must  be  had,  and  had  soon.  The  United 
States  is  recognized  as  the  richest  country  in  the  world,  while  New 
York,  with  its  5,000,000  of  people  and  vast  commercial  interest,  looms 
largely  upon  the  horizon  as  a  rival  to  London,  as  the  financial  center 
of  the  world.  If  the  present  financial  exhaustion  abroad  continues, 
New  York  will  be  certain  to  outstrip  her  great  rival,  and  in  the  future 
the  arteries  of  finance  will  start  from  America  and  not  from  England. 
If  we  can  control  the  finances  of  the  world,  what  can  prevent  us  in 
the  future  from  tightening  the  purse  strings  and  declaring  that  wars 
shall  cease?  Surely,  if  capital  and  labor  shall  combine  in  a  great 
humanitarian  effort  for  peace,  they  can,  with  the  aid  of  the  women 
of  the  world,  put  a  stop  to  all  war.  Then  in  truth  shall  the  roar  of 
howitzers,   the  whirr  of  torpedoes,   and  the  bursting  of  bombs  be 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  !^ 

stilled  and  that  day  come  that  was  spoken  of  by  the  prophet  of  old 
when  "Swords  shall  be  beaten  into  plowshares  and  spears  into  prun- 
ing hooks. ' ' 

But  not  only  is  the  opportunity  at  hand  for  America  to  control 
the  finances  of  the  world,  but  its  commerce  as  well.  Considere  the 
great  markets  of  South  America,  of  the  Orient,  and  the  Islands  of  th« 
Sea,  as  well  as  of  Europe,  that  are  now  open  to  us  as  never  before; 
markets,  many  of  them,  that  the  warring  nations  of  Europe  h^ve 
hitherto  monopolized  to  our  utter  exclusion.  These  markets  arc  ouM 
today  if  we  will  but  take  them.  No  other  nation  can  supply  them. 
The  opportunity  is  ours  now  to  possess  ourselves  of  a  trade  almost 
without  competition,  that  will  keep  every  mill  and  every  workshop  in 
the  land  busy  for  years  to  come,  and  fill  with  a  flood  of  gold  the 
coffers  of  the  people  of  the  nation. 

Nor  is  this  inviting  commerce  all  that  we  may  have.  The  seas  lie 
before  us.  The  ships  of  Germany  and  Austria  have  been  driven  from 
them,  while  those  of  the  Allied  Nations  are  greatly  reduced  in  number 
and  unable  to  handle  but  a  small  fraction  of  the  traffic  that  crowds 
the  wharves  and  warehouses  of  neutral  nations,  while  rates  of  freight 
have  reached  a  mark  never  before  dreamed  of.  This  carrying  trade  is 
ours  if  we  will  but  build  the  ships  to  handle  it.  Once  America  was 
second  in  this  trade  among  the  maritime  peoples  of  the  world,  but  the 
Civil  War  swept  us  from  the  ocean,  and  from  that  blow  we  have  never 
recovered.  Today  the  opportunity  is  ours  to  regain  that  which  waa 
lost  and  to  be  again  a  great  maritime  power,  with  ships,  bearing 
American  registers  and  flying  the  Stars  and  Stripes,  sailing  the  waters 
of  every  sea  on  the  globe. 

Compatriots,  behold  the  opportunities  that  are  now  ours!  Never 
since  the  nation  was  born  was  there  such  a  future  presented  as  now 
lies  spread  out  before  us.  It  beckons  us  onward  in  the  way  that  leads 
to  prosperity  and  to  national  honor.  Let  us  go  forward  and,  as  our 
fathers  a  hundred  years  ago  availed  themselves  of  the  opportunities 
that  were  theirs,  and  gave  this  nation  its  great  place  among  the  na- 
tions of  the  world,  so  let  us  do  our  duty  now,  and  then  in  the  days 
that  are  to  come,  when  our  children's  children  shall  assemble  upon  oc- 
casions such  as  this,  they  will  recount  with  pride  what  we  did  in  this 
eventful  period  to  make  the  United  States  of  America  the  greatest 
among  the  nations  of  the  earth  in  all  those  things  that  make  for 
prosperity,  for  honor,  for  justice  and  for  unfailing  righteousness. 


30  California  Society 

A   CURSORY   ANALYSIS 
AND  TIMELY  APPLICATION 

OF 

WASHINGTON'S 
FAREWELL   ADDRESS 

By  Charles  A.  Woodruff,  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

San  Francisco,  February  22,  1916. 

It  is  said  to  be  a  characteristic  of  Americans  that  they  are  insular 
in  their  prejudices  and  hence  magnify  the  importance  of  their  heroes. 
I  hope  to  avoid  this.  Just  listen  to  what  Lecky,  the  distinguished  his- 
torian, said:  "In  civil  as  in  military  life  he  (Washington)  was  pre- 
eminent among  his  contemporaries  for  the  clearness  and  soundness  of 
his  judgment,  for  his  perfect  moderation  and  self-control,  for  the 
quiet  dignity  and  indomitable  firmness  with  which  he  pursued  every 
path  which  he  had  deliberately  chosen.  Of  all  the  great  men  in  his- 
tory he  was  the  most  invariably  judicious,  and  there  is  scarcely  a 
rash  word  or  judgment  recorded  of  him." 

I  am  expected  to  make  a  cursory  analysis  and  timely  application  of 
some  of  the  ideas  presented  in  Washington's  farewell  address,  which 
Sir  Archibald  Alison,  a  noted  British  writer,  characterized  as  ''un- 
equalled by  any  composition  of  uninspired  wisdom."  After  these 
quotations  from  most  distinguished  foreign  writers,  any  praise  of  mine 
will  seem  modest  and  richly  deserved. 

After  declining  to  again  be  a  candidate  for  the  Presidency,  and 
giving  excellent  reasons  therefor,  he  expressed  ''deep  acknowledg- 
ment of  that  debt  of  gratitude  which  I  owe  to  my  beloved  country, 
for  the  many  honors  it  has  conferred  upon  me;  still  more  for  the 
steadfast  confidence  with  which  it  has  supported  me;  and  for  the 
opportunities  I  have  thence  enjoyed  of  manifesting  my  inviolable  at- 
tachment, by  services  faithful  and  preserving,  though  in  usefulness 
unequal  to  my  zeal." 

He  then  makes  one  of  the  strongest  appeals  for  the  perpetuation 
of  the  Union  conceivable  by  the  mind  of  man. 

It  is  hard  to  understand,  with  our  present  enlightenment,  how  any 
Eian  could  read  this  appeal  to  the  sentiment,  pride^  intelligence,  in- 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  31 

terest  and  patriotism  of  Americans  and  then  consider,  much  less  ad- 
vocate, the  dissolution  of  this  government. 

With  prophetic  vision  he  foresaw  nearly  every  danger  that  could 
threaten  the  permanency  and  well-being  of  popular  government — 
lack  of  unity,  sectionalism,  entangling  alliances,  foreign  intrigue  and 
influence,  feebleness  of  the  general  government,  encroachment  of  one 
department  of  the  government  upon  the  constitutional  power  of  an- 
other, excessive  partisanship,  nullification,  dictatorship — and  pleaded 
with  his  whole  heart,  might,  mind  and  strength,  for  his  Fellow 
Citizens,  as  they  loved  Liberty  and  Independence,  to  avoid  them  all. 

The  more  I  quote  the  better  it  is  for  you: 

In  his  appeal  for  purity  in  public  affairs  he  said:  "Of  all  the 
dispositions  and  habits  which  lead  to  political  prosperity.  Religion  and 
Morality  are  indispensable  supports  *  *  *  A  volume  could  not 
trace  all  their  connections  with  private  and  public  felicity.  *  *  * 
The  mere  politician,  equally  with  the  pious  man,  ought  to  respect  and 
cherish  them." 

The  wisdom  and  practical  common  sense  of  these  observations  are 
recognized  by  all  who  have  considered  our  form  of  government, 
national,  State  and  local.  Immoral  greed  is  the  tap-root  of  nearly 
every  weakness,  vice,  corruption  and  shortcoming  in  popular  gov- 
ernment.   Its  baneful  influence  is  an  ever  present  danger. 

''It  is  substantially  true,"  he  added,  ''that  virtue  or  morality  is  a 
necessary  spring  of  popular  government.  *  *  *  Promote  then,  as 
an  object  of  primary  importance,  institutions  for  the  general  dif- 
fusion of  knowledge.  In  proportion  as  the  structure  of  a  government 
gives  force  to  public  opinion,  it  is  essential  that  public  opinion  should 
be  enlightened." 

The  nation  generally  has  heeded  this  advice,  and  one  magnificent 
result  is  that  today  we  have  three  million  more  pupils  in  our  Public 
Schools,  than  there  were  votes  cast  in  the  last  Presidential  election. 
Continuing  he  said:  "As  a  very  important  source  of  strength  and 
security,  cherish  public  credit. ' '  No  comfort  in  that  for  repudiators  or 
fiat  money  demagogues.  "One  method  of  preserving  public  credit  is 
to  use  it  as  sparingly  as  possible  (no  suggestion  of  the  Pork  Barrel 
here),  avoid  occasions  of  expense  by  cultivating  peace,  but  remember, 
also,  that  timely  disbursements  to  prepare  for  danger,  frequently 
prevent  much  greater  disbursements  to  repel  it." 


32  Caufornia  Society 

No  militarism  in  this  but  wise  counsel  that  will  be  heeded  by 
every  American  not  blinded  by  the  idiotic  sentimentality  that  would 
rely  upon  the  altruism,  amiability  and  unselfishness  of  other  nations 
for  protection,  and  if  these  were  not  potent,  then  welcome  the  in- 
vaders with  hymns  of  praise  and  wreaths  of  victory  while  they 
forced  their  attentions  upon  our  loved  ones,  shot  those  of  us  who 
objected,  looted  our  treasure  and  plundered  our  homes. 

It  seems  strange  to  me  and  beyond  my  understanding  how  men, 
and  women,  too,  outside  of  lunatic  asylums  or  homes  for  the  feeble 
minded,  can  advocate  such  a  reception  for  our  country's  foes.  Cer- 
tainly the  Daughters  and  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution,  who  glory 
in  the  valor,  sacrifice  and  achievements  of  their  sires,  should  not 
keep  quiet  when  the  paid  apostles  of  the  Peace-at-any-Price  propa- 
ganda are  ranting  up  and  down  our  land  and  across  the  ocean,  ex- 
posing us  to  the  scorn  and  contempt  of  peoples  who  are  freely,  will- 
iiigly  pouring  out  their  blood  in  defense  of  their  several  Fatherlands. 

If  Washington,  first  in  peace,  was  alive  today,  these  peace  fanatics 
would  brand  him  as  allied  to  the  Ammunition  Factories  and  a  tool  of 
the  Armor  Trust. 

He  urged  us  to  "Observe  good  faith  and  justice  towards  all 
nations;  cultivate  peace  and  harmony  with  a  *  *  *.  In  the  ex- 
ecution of  such  a  plan,  nothing  is  more  essential  than  that  perma- 
nent inveterate  antipathies  against  particular  nations,  and  passionate 
attachment  for  others,  should  be  excluded;  and  that,  in  place  of 
them,  just  and  amicable  feelings  towards  all  should  be  cultivated. 
*  •  •  Against  the  insidious  wiles  of  foreign  influence  (I  conjure 
you  to  believe  me,  fellow  citizens),  the  jealousy  of  a  free  people 
ought  to  be  constantly  awake;  since  history  and  experience  prove 
the  foreign  influence  is  one  of  the  most  baneful  foes  of  Republican 
Gk>vemment.  But  that  jealousy,  to  be  useful,  must  be  impartial;  else 
it  becomes  the  instrument  of  the  very  influence  to  be  avoided,  instead 
of  a  defense  against  it." 

The  prophetic  wisdom  and  absolute  need  of  this  caution  has  been 
constantly  before  us  for  the  past  eighteen  months — ^let  each  of  you 
consider  whether  individually  you  have  not  had  "antipathies  against" 
and  "attachment  for"  some  of  the  belligerents,  that  was  due  to  the 
wiles  of  foreign  influence.  We  shall  need  his  counsel  more  and  more 
m  the  tragic  events  of  this  great  war  continue. 

Lack  of  time  prevents  but  one  more  extended  quotation  from  this 
great  paper: 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  33 

' '  The  great  rule  of  conduct  for  us  is,  in  extending  our  commercial 
relations,  to  have  with  them  as  little  political  connection  as  possible. 

*  •  •  Europe  has  a  set  of  primary  interests,  which  to  us  has  none, 
or  a  very  remote  relation.  Hence  she  must  be  engaged  in  frequent 
controversies,  the  courses  of  which  are  essentially  foreign  to  our 
concerns.  Hence,  therefore,  it  must  be  unwise  in  us  to  implicate  our- 
selves, by  artificial  ties  in  the  ordinary  vicissitudes  of  her  politics,  or 
the  ordinary  combinations  and  collusions  of  her  friendship  or  enmity. 
Our  detached  and  distant  situation  invites  and  enables  us  to  pursue 
a  different  course.  If  w^e  remain  one  people,  under  an  efficient  gov- 
ernment, the  period  is  not  far  off  when  we  may  defy  material  injury 
from  external  annoyance ;  when  we  may  take  such  an  attitude  as  will 
cause  the  neutrality  we  may  at  any  time  resolve  upon  to  be  scrupu- 
lously respected ;  when  belligerent  nations,  under  the  impossibility  of 
making  acquisitions,  will  not  lightly  hazard  the  giving  us  provocation ; 
when  we  may  choose  peace  or  war,  as  our  interest,  guided  by  our 
justice,  shall  counsel.  *  *  *  Constantly  keeping  in  view,  that  it  is 
folly  in  one  nation  to  look  for  disinterested  favor   from   another. 

*  *  •  *.  There  can  be  no  greater  error  than  to  expect  or  calculate 
upon  real  favors  from  nation  to  nation.  It  is  an  illusion  which  ex- 
perience must  cure,  which  a  just  pride  ought  to  discard." 

These  are  all  golden  words,  expressing  pearls  of  wisdom.  Let  us 
not  trample  them  in  the  mire  or  mawkish  sentimentality. 

Today,  our  country,  which  seems  so  secure,  so  peaceful,  so  pros- 
perous, with  tremendous  potential  strength,  is  facing  dangers  and  re- 
sponsibilities equal  to  those  of  '61. 

We  have  now,  perhaps  through  no  fault  of  our  own,  the  hatred  of 
every  belligerent  nation  of  Europe  and  Asia.  They  know  our  wealth ; 
they  know  our  present  available  military  strength  in  soldiers,  arms, 
ships,  ammunition  and  military  supplies  generally;  they  know  how 
long  it  takes  to  make  soldiers  out  of  raw  levies;  they  know  that  we 
have  a  vigorous,  vocal  and  busy  Peace-at-any-Price  party  who  for 
years  have  been  teaching  the  Psychology  of  Treason,  endeavoring  to 
undermine  all  national  spirit,  to  destroy  national  ideals  and  hold 
patriotism  up  to  ridicule.  Knowing  these  facts,  and  they  do  know 
them,  do  you  imagine  any  one  of  the  five  principal  powers  would  hesi- 
tate to  invade  us,  with  the  hope  and  expectation  of  recouping  their 
financial  losses  in  this  war,  if  they  were  not  held  in  check  by  fear  of 
some  of  their  late  adversaries  or  allies  ? 


34  California  Society 

Are  we  willing  to  have  our  peace  and  security  rest  upon  the  un- 
stable foundation  of  international  alliances,  which  make  as  strange 
bed- fellows  as  do  corrupt  politics?  Such  was  not  Washington's  opin- 
ion. He  expected  his  fellow  citizens  to  be  self-reliant  and  not  depend 
upon  the  fickle  favor  of  other  nations.  He  thought  then  that  ''there 
is  a  rank  due  the  United  States,  among  nations,  which  will  be  with- 
held, if  not  absolutely  lost,  by  a  reputation  for  weakness.  If  we 
would  avoid  insult  we  must  be  able  to  repel  it,  if  w^e  desire  peace  it 
mu^t  be  knoM^n  that  we  are  at  all  times  ready  for  war. ' ' 

Are  we  able  to  repel  insult? 

Are  we  ready  for  war? 

With  bowed  head  and  blushing  cheeks  we  must  answer,  we  are  not 
able  to  repel  insult  and  we  are  not  ready  for  war. 

Tonight  mine's  the  task  to  tell  you  why  we  are  not,  why  we  have 
neglected  Washington's  advice,  supported  as  it  w^as  by  Grant,  who, 
eighty-nine  years  later  when  the  Angel  of  Death  was  hovering  over 
him,  said,  in  the  conclusion  of  his  memoirs;  "To  maintain  peace  in 
the  future  it  is  necessary  to  be  prepared  for  war,  and  unless  we  are 
prepared  for  it  we  may  be  in  danger  of  a  combined  movement  being 
some  day  made  to  crush  us  out. "  And  supported  also  by  all  experience 
since  the  dawn  of  history. 

At  the  close  of  the  Civil  War,  we  had  the  strongest  navy  and  the 
most  invincible  army  of  the  world  and  our  people  were  animated  by  a 
spirit  of  devotion  to  principle  and  national  honor,  so  strong  as  to 
take  little  account  of  personal  sacrifice ;  for  four  years  we  had  battled 
until  there  was  hardly  a  real  American  home  that  had  not  offered 
loved  ones  as  a  sacrifice  upon  some  bloody  field  of  glorious  endeavor 
and  our  people  were  tired  of  war.  Few  realize  that  in  our  Civil  War 
the  percentum  of  killed  in  the  United  States,  North  and  South,  in 
proportion  to  the  population,  was  just  about  the  same  as  that  suffered 
by  Germany  up  to  the  present  time.  Grant's  "Let  us  have  peace," 
struck  a  responsive  chord  in  every  heart  and  we  only  thought  of 
peace  and  money.  Beneficial  as  both  are,  too  much  of  either  is 
enervating. 

Then  sprung  up  the  Professional  Peace  Advocate.  People  liked  to 
hear  them  talk  of  universal  and  perpetual,  peace;  didn't  stop  to  con- 
sider their  logic  and  didn't  think  they  could  do  any  harm. 

Many  sensible  people  do  not  stop  to  think  that  fourteen  per  cent  of 
our  white  population  were  foreign  born,  with  a  natural,  undying  love 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  35 

for  the  land  of  their  birth  which  naturalization  cannot  chans^e,  and 
twenty  per  cent  more  have  foreign-born  parents,  this  does  not  in- 
clude Negroes  or  Asiatics,  who  comprise  eleven  per  cent  more,  and 
that  their  American  Nationalism  might  need  stimulation  rather  than 
obliteration,  that  these  people  needed  to  be  impressed  with  intelligent 
pride  in  our  country's  history,  and  that  they,  and  all  other  Americans 
should  be  made  to  understand  that  our  country  has  a  just  right  to 
demand  of  every  citizen,  when  necessary,  the  supreme  sacrifice,  and 
that  true  patriotism  knows  no  hyphen.  In  war,  that  State  is  pro- 
portionately strongest  which  has  the  most  homogeneous  population,  un- 
fortunately ours  is  a  heterogeneous  people. 

Today  the  most  powerful  factor  in  the  strength  of  the  states  at 
war  is  their  homogeneity,  a  love  of  fatherland  which  places  every  drop 
of  blood  and  every  dollar  at  the  disposal  of  their  several,  governments. 

This  vigorous,  vocal  and  busy  Peace-at-any-Price  League,  while 
fighting  viciously  for  mental  and  material  unpreparedness,  are  also 
teaching  the  Psychology  of  Treason,  endeavoring  to  undermine  all 
national  spirit,  whereas  I  have  shown  it  is  none  too  strong,  trying  to 
destroy  national  traditions  and  ideals,  and  hold  patriotism  up  to 
ridicule. 

Theories,  not  conditions,  interested  them.  Before  the  close  of  the 
last  century  they  had  proclaimed  that  there  could  be  no  more  war. 
Then  came  the  Boxer  war  and  the  invasion  of  China  by  the  civilized 
world,  and  excepting  the  United  States,  every  nation  intended  to 
commit  grand  larceny  upon  Chinese  territory.  This  was  explained  as 
a  mere  outburst  of  the  heathen  which  must  be  crushed  and  was,  like 
Patti's  farewell  tours,  positively  the  last.  Then  came  the  gigantic 
Russo-Japanese  contest.  This  really  didn't  count,  and,  anyway,  was 
absolutely  the  last.  Then  came  the  aw^ful  mixup  of  Christian  and 
Turk,  followed  by  the  more  diabolical  and  fiendish  quarrel  of  the 
Christians  among  themselves  over  the  division  of  the  loot.  These 
wars  were  each  in  turn  to  be  the  final  windup  of  all  war.  Strange  as 
it  may  seem,  these  fake  prophecies  acted  like  persecution  upon 
religion ;  each  was  the  seed  of  the  ultra-pacifist  propaganda ;  after 
each  exposure  they  became  more  vigorous,  more  vocal,  if  possible,  and 
more  positive.  Then  came  the  greatest  war  of  history  and  these 
militant  pacifists  almost  welcomed  it  as  the  unmistakable  sign  that 
war  would  be  obliterated  and  peace  forever  reign  in  a  regenerated 
world. 


36  California  Society 

Of  course,  during  all  these  years  a  few  thinking  men  modestly 
advised  some  preparedness  for  preserving  peace,  but  they  were  either 
laughed  to  scorn  as  old  fogies  or  abused  as  soldiers  who  loved  war,  or 
as  corrupt  agents  of  those  who  expected  to  profit  by  any  preparedness 
for  preventing  war,  and  the  result  of  this  campaign  has  been  to  create 
in  the  minds  of  many  a  hatred  of  the  doctrine  of  self-defense,  an  an- 
tagonism against  any  preparation  to  avoid  war,  the  creation  of  a 
mental  desire  for  peace  so  strong  as  to  obliterate  patriotism,  national 
pride,  honor,  and  self-reliance  and  create  a  flabby  people  destitute 
of  moral  stamina  and  all  the  heroic  virtues  that  have  distinguished 
Americans  since  1776. 

My  compatriots,  friends : 

\We  all  deplore  war  as  did  our  greatest  compatriot,  but  like  him, 
let  us  love,  honor  and  cherish  our  self-respect  more.  Let  the  farewell 
words  of  Washington  guide  us  in  peace  and  if  we  must  uphold  nar 
tional  integrity  by  arms,  must  defend  our  civilization,  our  institutions, 
our  laws,  loved  ones,  homes  and  all  that  manly  men  and  womanly 
women  hold  dear,  animate  our  people  with  patriotism,  humanity, 
faith  in  the  justice  of  our  cause,  a  spirit  of  willing  sacrifice  if  need 
be,  and  then,  if  we  are  prepared,  as  Washington  always  expected  us 
to  be,  the  world  will  not  prevail  against  us. 

**  Greater  love  hath  no  man  than  this,  that  a  man  lay  down  his 
life  for  his  friends,"  saith  the  Lord — Greater  patriotism  hath  no 
man  than  this,  that  a  man  lay  down  his  life  for  his  country. 

Let  us  each  and  all  strive  to  create  such  a  national  feeling  that  if 
ever  the  time  should  come,  which  may  God  forbid,  that  we  must  go  to 
war: 

''We'll  prepare. 

If  they  dare. 

You  will  go  just  like  your  daddy  did  before 

You'll  be  there. 

You'll  be  there. 

For  our  race  was  never  known  to  run. 

Should  they  come,  we'll  meet  them  gun  to  gun, 

North  and  South,  yes,  every  mother's  son, 

You  '11  be  there. 

You'll  be  there." 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  37 

THE  SPIRIT  OF    J  776 

Bj  Harold  McMurry,  Class  of  1917,  Turkck  High  School. 

This  essay  won  the  first  prize  of  $25  offered  the  students  of  the 
High  Schools  of  California  hy  California  Society  Sotis  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution  in  1916,  for  the  best  essay  written  on  the  subject. 

**The  glory  of  the  Present  is  to  make  the  Future  free." 

In  these  simple  words  of  Van  Dyke  are  concentrated  the  essential 
spirit  of  America,  which  has  always  marked  her  actions  as  a  Nation, 
and  which  first  reached  its  full  significance  at  the  period  under  con- 
sideration. In  all  the  actions  and  writings  of  the  patriots  the  opposi- 
tion was  not  directed  so  much  against  the  acts  of  the  British  govern- 
ment, trivial  as  most  of  them  in  themselves  were,  as  against  the  spirit 
which  prompted  those  acts,  which  might  in  future  times  act  more 
harshly  upon  those  ideals  which  the  colonists  had  justly  set  up  for 
themselves. 

The  Revolution  was  no  common  strife  of  momentary  interest.  It 
marked  the  appearance  on  the  horizon  of  the  world's  political  ideals 
of  a  brilliant  star  which  has  constantly  become  brighter  and  which 
opposition  has  only  made  more  luminous.  The  Revolution  was  no 
mere  complaint  of  a  few  people  against  paltry  taxes.  It  represented 
the  noble  disapproval  of  the  underlying  political  and  economic  soph- 
isms which  were  concretely  expressed  by  seeming  unimportant  taxes. 

We  must  not,  however,  in  considering  this  subject,  regard  England 
as  the  enemy.  This  wrong  attitude  of  mind  has  caused  much  bitter 
feeling  in  times  past.  It  was  not  a  struggle  between  two  nations,  but 
a  strife  between  two  parties,  representing  different  economic  and 
political  systems.  Some  in  America  upheld  England's  policy  as 
firmly  as  did  the  administrators  at  Westminister  and  some  in  England, 
represented  by  Fox,  Chatham  and  Burke  were  as  much  patriots  as  John 
Adams  and  George  Washington. 

Nor  must  we  look  upon  the  Revolution  selfishly,  as  our  own 
struggle  for  independence.  If  we  call  it  a  struggle  for  independence 
then  in  its  results  it  belongs  rather  to  Britain  than  us,  for  it  caused 
the  English  people  to  regain  their  freedom,  while  w^ith  us  it  was  a 
contest  to  preserve  freedom.  It  was  as  though  the  wheel  of  British 
liberty,  which  had  begun  revolving  in  1215  and  had  whirled  back  and 


38  California  Society 

forth  between  two  ideas  of  government,  had,  during  its  revolution, 
loosed  from  its  circumference  a  new  conception  of  liberty  in  the  col- 
onists, which  being  freed  from  its  orbit  had  traveled  in  a  straight  line 
to  its  natural  evolution,  while  the  wheel,  which  had  thrown  it  into 
that  straight  path,  had  traveled  back  again  in  its  limited  orbit.  Then 
came  the  clash  when  that  government  tried  to  assert  its  power  over 
the  people  who,  for  more  than  a  century,  had  not  realized  its  growing 
dominance.  The  Liberty  of  the  colonies,  whirled  from  its  mother 
wheel  had  not  become  aware  that  that  wheel  had  whirled  again  to  the 
opposite  extreme. 

As  is  hardly  necessary  to  say,  the  predominating  spirit  of  the 
colonies  was  freedom.  From  this  keystone  branched  all  other  feelings — 
all  actions  led  to  this  main  ideal.  But  remember  it  was  Freedom — 
not  Independence — perhaps  even  as  late  as  1776.  For  in  spite  of 
the  fact  that  independence  was  always  latent  in  the  colonies,  and 
though  that  w^as  the  year  of  our  immortal  Declaration,  had  England 
suggested  some  means  toward  freedom  with  some  guarantee  that  it 
would  be  carried  out,  the  Revolution  would  probably  have  ceased. 

Because  of  this  very  spirit,  the  patriots  have  been  subjected  to  at- 
tacks by  numerous  historians.  They  have  been  called  double-faced, 
for  with  all  their  protestations  of  loyalty  they  showed  their  insincerity 
by  rebelling  and  some  who  had  been  most  prominent  in  assuring  Eng- 
land of  their  loyalty  signed  the  Declaration.  But  these  charges  are 
false.  The  Declaration  was  adopted  by  these  leaders  when  they  saw 
that  the  administrators  at  Westminster  were  too  thick-headed  to  ever 
appreciate  the  real  spirit  of  the  colonies.  They  saw  that  what  they  at 
first  looked  upon  as  a  tragedy  was  now  a  necessity. 

There  are  five  causes  for  the  spirit  of  Freedom  in  the  colonies 
which  show  how  this  spirit  evolved  and,  in  a  measure,  show  its  nature 
and  define  it.  The  first  of  these  is  the  colonist 's  descent.  They  were 
Anglo-Saxon  and  had  Anglo-Saxon  ideals  of  freedom.  Large  num- 
bers had  emigrated  from  Britain  when  this  spirit  was  at  its  maximum, 
and  in  them  the  very  highest.  Now  the  Anglo-Saxon  ideal  has  some- 
how always  been  concretely  summed  up  in  the  idea  of  inseparability  of 
taxation  and  representation.  So  in  taxing  the  colonists  without  their 
consent  the  home  government  struck  the  tap-root  of  their  liberty. 

The  energy  of  the  religion  of  the  northern  colonists  was  one  of  the 
greatest  forces  for  independence.  The  relation  of  these  religious 
principles  to  political  affairs  is  rather  hazy  and  difficult  to  trace  as 
compared  with  the  distinct  and  positive  agencies  in  secular  affairs, 
but  there  is  no  doubt  that  it  was  present.    Protestantism,  alw^ays  a  re- 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  39 

ligion  of  dissent,  was  here  crystallized  into  a  dissidence  of  dissent. 
They  had  left  England  when  this  spirit  was  highest  and  in  them  the 
highest  of  all.  They  represented  the  Protestants  of  the  Protestants. 
It  was  not  fanatical,  but  always  held  the  patriots  in  check  and  gave  a 
peculiar  religious  color  to  their  actions  never  before  or  after  mani- 
fested in  any  political  revolution.  All  was  attempted  with  a  sublime 
solemnity  which  has  since  given  a  peculiar  altruistic  attitude  to  all 
our  governmental  transactions  with  other  nations. 

In  the  South  where  this  religious  power  was  not  present  another 
took  its  place.  The  slave  system  which  had  grown  up  there  had  given 
a  peculiar  regard  for  freedom  to  those  not  in  slavery.  They  looked 
upon  their  freedom  as  a  privilege,  and  while  this  sentiment  was  not 
as  noble  as  that  animating  the  North,  it  was  as  powerful,  and  lent  a 
certain  degree  of  necessary  and  proper  pride  to  the  total  of  good 
national  qualities  given  by  this  period  to  future  generations. 

The  provincial  assemblies  also  built  up  this  spirit.  The  colonists 
had  a  share  in  their  own  government  which  they  had  never  had  at 
home.  They  were  gradually  inspired  with  lofty  sentiments  and  they 
formed  a  strong  aversion  to  whatever  tended  to  deprive  them  of  their 
rights. 

From  this  arose  a  more  common  education  than  was  known  in  any 
other  country.  Their  part  in  the  government  inspired  a  desire  for 
education  in  those  things  which  would  best  fit  them  to  their  task. 
It  is  said  that  more  books  on  law  were  sold  in  the  colonies  at  this 
period  than  in  all  Britain  herself.  By  this  education  they  were  able 
to  gain  an  acute  sagacity  and  an  inquisitive  spirit  which  soon  en- 
abled them  to  see  the  underlying  danger  of  the  taxes  which  on  the 
surface  looked  harmless  and  just. 

Nothing  strikes  us  with  more  force  when  we  study  this  period 
than  the  sanity  with  which  the  patriots  undertook  their  great  enter- 
prise. The  common  sympathy  of  the  colonists  was  shown  in  the  ex- 
pression of  condolence  which  Virginia  formally  rendered  to  Massa- 
chusetts in  the  closing  of  Boston.  It  did  not  last  very  long,  true,  but 
it  served  its  purpose  at  the  time  of  greatest  affliction  and  it  is  re- 
markable that  it  was  ever  present  when  the  difficulty  of  communica- 
tion and  the  conflicting  interests  are  considered.  There  was  a  danger 
of  anarchy,  yet  in  spite  of  it  there  was  made  the  noblest  government 
created  by  man.  There  was  no  common  passion ;  there  were  no  petty 
outbursts  of  hate ;  there  was  a  serious,  religious  attitude  of  mind ;  an 
example  was  set  for  future  Americans. 


40  California  Society 

"We  see  in  it  all  a  just  pride  in  freedom,  a  singular  moderation,  a 
shrewd  sagacity  mocking  shams,  a  skepticism  of  traditions,  an  essen- 
tial religiousness,  a  sublime  nobleness  of  purpose,  an  assumption  of 
spiritual,  intellectual,  and  individual  liberty,  which,  although  in  our 
national  spirit  and  ideals  still,  seems  increasingly  difficult  to  find,  it 
being  so  covered  up  by  the  sordid  mercenary  ideals  which  eeem  to 
characterize  us  today. 


ADDRESS  AT  THE  PRESENTATION  OF  THE 

HOUDON  STATUE  OF 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON 

at  the  Palace  of  Fine  Arts. 
By  George  C.  Sargent 

San  Francisco,  May  30,  1917. 

The  personality  of  Washington  does  not  suffer  with  the  lapse  of 
time.  He  is  like  a  great  mountain  that  grows  higher  and  higher,  and 
broader  and  broader,  as  one  places  mile  after  mile  between  one's  self 
and  its  base.  The  forests  and  foothills  that  hide  the  top  on  nearer 
view,  fade  away  until  nothing  is  left  but  one  great,  towering  over- 
powering mass  that  dominates  the  Landscape,  so  that  one  can  neither 
look  at  nor  think  of  anything  else.  Such  was  Washington.  The  men 
of  his  time  who  fought  and  struggled  and  schemed  and  hoped  and 
feared,  have  sunk  into  the  oblivion  from  which  they  came;  and  the 
few  really  great  names  which  have  come  down  to  us,  serve  only  to 
make  manifest  the  greater  greatness  of  Washington  himself.  He 
was  a  colossal  figure  in  the  history  of  his  time.  He  is  a  colossal  figure 
in  the  history  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race — a  colossal  figure  in  the  history 
of  the  world. 

Wherever  the  Caucasian  race  exists,  his  name  is  honored.  There 
is  hardly  an  important  town  in  Italy  that  has  not  its  Hotel  Washing- 
ton. In  France  his  name,  associated  with  that  of  Lafayette,  means 
liberty  and  death  to  the  ancient  regime.  I  venture  to  say  that  in  the 
Duma  his  name  is  often  upon  the  lips  of  those  who  are  trying  to  bring 
that  distracted  country  to  liberty  and  to  light.  In  Germany  it  is 
honored  by  the  liberal  classes;  and  even  in  court  circles  he  is  looked 
upon  with  mingled  admiration  and  surprise — surprise  that  anyone 
should  let  such  opportunities  slip.     In  England  he  is  better  under- 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  41 

stood;  and  there  is  not  a  reflecting  Englishman  who  does  not  realize 
that  he  was  fighting  their  battles ;  that  on  Long  Island,  at  Trenton,  on 
the  Brandywine,  and  a  Yorktown  his  victory  meant  their  victory,  and 
his  defeat,  the  death  of  parliamentary  government  in  England.  It  is 
altogether  fitting,  therefore,  that  the  former  prime  minister  of  Eng- 
land, as  soon  as  possible  after  his  arrival  in  this  country,  should  make 
a  pilgrimage  to  Mount  Vernon,  and  there  bare-headed  lay  chaplet  of 
flowers  upon  the  modest  tomb  that  contains  the  remains  of  the  greatest 
man  the  Anglo-Saxon  race  ever  produced. 

Washington  had  a  wonderfully  rounded  character.  There  are  few 
men  like  him  in  history.  The  only  one  of  whom  I  can  think  waa 
Shakespeare,  whose  character  was  well  developed  in  all  directions. 
Washington  might  be  called  the  Shakespeare  of  state-craft. 

He  was  a  great  soldier.  No  one  less  than  a  genius  could  have  kept 
together  an  army  which  retreated  from  defeat  to  defeat;  no  one 
possessed  of  less  than  the  highest  military  talent  could  have  kept  the 
army  together  at  Valley  Forge.  There  are  many  generals  who  can 
march  from  victory  to  victory  and  carry  on  a  spectacular  career  of 
conquest  when  they  have  the  force  with  which  to  do  it.  There  are 
some  generals  who  can  so  delay  the  enemy  that  he  will  ultimately  suc- 
cumb— ^such  was  Fabius.  But  there  are  few  generals  who  can  pass 
suddenly  from  a  most  discouraging  defensive  to  a  cyclonic  offensive, 
as  Washington  did  when  he  found  himself  temporarily  in  superior 
force  and  rushed  to  Yorktown  to  bottle  up  Cornwallis,  force  his  sur- 
render and  bring  the  Revolution  to  a  glorious  end. 

It  was  knowledge  of  these  things  that  made  Frederick  the  Great 
send  Washington  a  sword  with  the  message  that  it  was  from  the 
oldest  living  general  to  the  greatest  living  general. 

Washington  was  not  only  a  soldier,  but  a  great  statesman.  It  is 
rare  that  one  finds  these  traits  combined  in  the  same  man.  After 
the  Revolution,  the  Continental  Congress  was  overwhelmed  with! 
debt.  It  could  borrow,  but  it  could  not  pay ;  it  could  not  raise  a  dollar 
by  taxation — it  could  not  raise  a  man  for  its  army.  Public  credit, 
there  was  none ;  business  had  stagnated  and  anarchy  was  impending. 
In  this  state  of  things,  it  was  felt  necessary  that  a  Constitution  should 
be  adopted  in  order  that  a  better  government  might  be  created;  and 
|Washington  by  unanimous  consent  was  called  to  preside  over  the 
convention.  There  is  no  doubt  that  his  moderation  of  character  and 
wisdom  contributed  in  no  small  degree  to  moderate  the  debates  of 
that  convention  which  at  times  were  stormy  to  the  point  of  shipwreck. 


42  California  Society 

To  that  convention  we  owe  the  present  Constitution,  which  Gladstone 
called,  *'the  greatest  work  that  the  heart  and  mind  of  man  ever  pro- 
duced at  a  single  time." 

When  all  had  been  completed,  and  the  delegates  were  signing, 
Benjamin  Franklin  arose  and  calling  attention  to  a  picture  behind 
the  president's  chair,  which  showed  an  horizon  pierced  by  fiery  beams, 
exclaimed  in  a  moment  of  mental  elevation,  "Mr.  President:  many 
times  during  the  debate  upon  this  Constitution  I  have  looked  at  the 
picture  behind  your  chair  and  have  been  unable  to  determine  whether 
it  typifies  the  rising  or  the  setting  sun.  I  now  know  it  is  the  rising 
sun ;  and  it  will  never  set  upon  our  country. ' ' 

Washington  was  appropriately  chosen  the  first  president  of  the 
new  government.  By  his  wisdom  and  the  able  men  he  called  around 
him,  the  public  credit  was  speedily  restored,  business  revived,  and  the 
country  entered  upon  an  era  of  prosperity  such  as  it  had  never  known. 

In  reviewing  Washington's  life  Lecky,  the  celebrated  English  his- 
torian, says: 

"In  civil  as  in  military  life  he  was  pre-eminent  among  his  con- 
temporaries for  the  clearness  and  soundness  of  his  judgment,  for  his 
perfect  moderation  and  self  control,  for  the  quiet  dignity  and  the  in- 
domitable firmness  with  which  he  pursued  every  path  which  he  had 
deliberately  chosen.  Of  all  the  great  men  in  history  he  was  the  most 
invariably  judicious,  and  there  is  scarcely  a  rash  word  or  action  re- 
corded of  him." 

Washington  was  not  only  a  soldier  and  a  statesman,  but  a  man 
of  great  moral  courage.  He  was  the  richest  man  in  the  United  States. 
Wealth  is  usually  timid;  but  he  joined  the  colonists  immediately  after 
the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill  when  it  was  not  known  whether  it  would 
be  a  mere  insurrection,  easily  put  down  by  the  power  of  the  British 
Empire,  or  not.  He  knew  that  defeated  revolutionists  are  called 
traitors;  and  that  his  fate  would  be  hanging  in  chains  upon  Tyburn 
Hill,  confiscation  of  his  property,  and  the  beggary  of  his  wife,  whom 
he  dearly  loved.  All  these  he  cast  into  the  balance  without  an  instant 's 
hesitation. 

Washington  was  a  thoroughly  unselfish  man.  No  man  can  be  a 
true  patriot  if  he  be  not  unselfish.  Washington  was  a  patriot  of  the 
highest  type.  At  the  zenith  of  his  reputation,  at  the  height  of  his 
power,  in  spite  of  the  entreaties  of  a  nation,  he  retired  to  private  life, 
because  of  his  conviction  that  no  man  should  serve  more  thaji  two 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  43 

terms  as  president.  It  is  easy  to  convince  one 's  self  that  one  is  needed 
by  the  country ;  that  the  people  have  a  right  to  rule,  and  should  have 
what  they  want.  These  are  the  flattering  unctions  which  selfish  am- 
bition lays  to  its  heart.  Washington  was  above  these.  He  did  that 
which  he  thought  best  for  his  country,  ignoring  or  forgetting  his  own 
glory  and  ambition. 

But  before  he  left,  he  felt  that  he  had  a  message  for  the  people 
over  whose  destinies  he  had  so  long  presided,  and  whom  he  so  truly 
loved.  He  therefore  wrote  and  delivered  his  farewell  address,  which 
Sir  Archibald  Alison,  another  great  Englishman,  characterized  as  an 
unequalled  production  of  uninspired  wisdom. 

When  this  statue  shall  be  unveiled,  I  want  you  to  look  at  the  face 
particularly.  I  have  not  seen  it,  but  I  have  seen  a  replica.  I  want 
you  above  all  to  notice  the  face.  You  will  find  intellect  of  the  high- 
est order — no  man  could  be  what  he  was  without  high  intellect.  I 
want  you  to  notice  the  expression  of  patience — long-enduring  patience. 
The  willingness  to  bear  as  long  as  patience  was  a  virtue.  But  you  will 
find  associated  with  it  the  strength  to  act  when  the  time  for  action 
comes.  Above  all  you  will  find  perfect  goodness  and  the  repose  that 
comes  with  all  great  and  good  characters.  It  is  the  possession  of  these 
traits  which  makes  us  call  him  "Father." 


44  California  Society 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 

By  Thomas  A.  Perkins,  Secretary,  and  Edmund  D.  Shortlidge, 

Historian. 

AMES. 

Pelham  Warren  Ames,  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  April  22,  1839,  was 
ike  son  of  Margaret  Stevenson  Bradford  and  Seth  Ames,  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts,  grandson  of  Fisher  Ames  and  a 
descendant  of  Gamaliel  Bradford,  colonel  of  the  14th  Massachusetts 
regiment  in  the  Revolutionary  war. 

He  graduated  at  Harvard  college  in  1859  and  was  private  tutor 
in  a  family  in  Georgia  till  the  spring  of  1861,  when  he  returned 
home  and  was  appointed  acting  assistant  paymaster  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy.  Served  on  U.  S.  S.  "Connecticut"  and  was  ordered  to  report 
for  duty  on  U.  S.  S.  "Saginaw"  at  Mare  Island,  California,  and 
sailed  from  New  York  January  1,  1862.  He  served  on  the  "Saginaw" 
on  the  Pacific  Coast  till  the  fall  of  1865,  when  he  was  detached  and 
ordered  home.  Before  leaving  he  married  Augusta,  daughter  of 
jWiUiam  Hooper,  in  San  Francisco,  October  18,  1865,  and  they  started 
for  Boston  on  the  "Constitution."  They  remained  in  Boston  till 
1872,  when  they  returned  to  San  Francisco.  He  was  secretary  of  Sutro 
Tunnel  Co.  till  1888,  when  he  became  assistant  secretary  of  Spring 
VaUey  Water  Co.,  then  was  its  secretary  till  he  resigned  in  1906, 
went  East  and  visited  Europe  twice  and  returned  to  San  Francisco. 
He  served  on  the  Board  of  Education  in  San  Francisco.  He  was  a 
lawyer  but  never  practiced.  He  was  a  member  of  the  military  order 
of  Loyal  Legion,  Naval  Order  U.  S.  A.,  Order  of  Naval  Veterans, 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  Society  of  Mayflower  Descendants,  Col- 
onial Governors,  Bohemian,  University  and  Harvard  Clubs,  and  was 
president  of  the  California  Society  Sons  of  American  Revolution  and 
vice-President  General  of  the  National  Society  S.  A.  R.  in  1907. 

He  had  seven  children  of  whom  two  sons,  Worthington  and  Alden 
of  San  Francisco,  and  two  daughters,  Mrs.  Thos.  H.  Robbins,  Jr.,  and 
Mrs.  Robert  W.  Wood,  survive.  He  died  in  San  Francisco,  May  9, 
1915.    His  wife  died  about  a  year  before  his  death. 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  45 


AVIS. 

John  James  Avis,  bom  August  8,  1869,  at  Charleston,  W.  Va., 
the  son  of  Mary  O'Neill  and  Captain  John  Avis,  was  descended  from 
Peter  Haines,  a  private  in  the  Virginia  Line. 

He  married  Amanda  Heusch  in  San  Francisco,  December  10,  1903, 
and  is  survived  by  her,  three  children,  Marjorie  V.,  John  James  and 
Josephine,  three  sisters  and  two  brothers. 

He  left  Charleston  in  1893  for  Galveston,  Texas,  later  coming  to 
San  Francisco.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  secretary-treasurer  of 
the  Charles  C.  Moore  Co. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Union  League  and  Southern  Clubs. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  April  20,  1917. 

BASSBTT. 

Harry  Kendall  Bassett,  son  of  Martha  Chase  and  Edward  Bassett, 
and  great-grandson  of  Joshua  Bassett,  Jr.,  private  and  artificer  in 
Connecticut  Line,  was  born  in  Berlin,  Wisconsin,  November  15,  1878. 

He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools,  and  Oshkosh  Normal  School, 
Wisconsin,  took  the  degree  of  A.  B.  at  Teachers'  College,  Columbia 
University  in  1907,  and  M.  A.  at  University  of  Wisconsin  in  1910. 
He  was  engaged  in  educational  work  in  Illinois,  New  York,  and  was 
assistant  professor  of  English  at  University  of  Wisconsin.  He  came 
to  California  and  was  assistant  director  of  Congresses  at  the  Panama 
Pacific  International  Exposition,  1914-1916  and  again  took  up  edu- 
cational work  in  California. 

He  married  Hester  Adeline  Brown  in  Berlin,  Wisconsin,  December 
29,  1903,  and  had  four  children,  Kendall  T.  Philip  D.,  Hester  A.  and 
Jeanne  Bassett. 

He  died  suddenly  in  Berkeley  June  28,  1917,  survived  by  a  wife 
and  four  children  now  living  at  Antigo,  Wisconsin. 

BIGELOW. 

Charles  E.  Bigelow  was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  18,  1847,  the 
son  of  Ruth  H.  Hathaway  and  Joshua  Richardson  Bigelow,  and  great- 
grandson  of  John  Richardson,  a  soldier  at  the  Battle  of  Bunker  HilL 

He  died  in  Ojai  Valley,  California,  July  28,  1915,  survived  by  his 
wife,  Elizabeth  Tallant  Bigelow. 


46  California  Society 


BRAGG. 

Robert  Bragg,  bom  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August  21,  1827,  was  the 
son  of  Mary  Kenney  and  John  Bragg,  Jr.  He  was  descended  from 
John  Bragg,  who  served  as  a  seaman  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
American  Revolution. 

He  was  married  October  31,  1845,  to  Mary  Jane,  daughter  of  Mary 
Pierce  and  John  Sewell  Philbrook  and  is  survived  by  two  sons  and 
four  daughters,  residing  in  San  Francisco. 

He  was  a  member  of  Caldfornia  Lodge  No.  1,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  City 
Guards,  S.  F.  V.  C. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  February  15,  1915. 


BRYANT. 

Edgar  Reeve  Bryant  was  born  in  Gilroy,  Calif.,  May  6,  1866,  the 
son  of  Henrietta  Reeve  and  Berryman  Bryant,  and  a  descendant  of 
Rev.  Henry  Woolsey,  a  private  in  N.  Y.  Militia,  and  Isaac  Shaw 
Waggoner  of  N.  J.  Militia. 

He  received  his  early  education  in  California.  Took  the  degree  of 
Ph.B.  at  the  University  of  the  Pacific  in  1889  and  the  honorary  de- 
grees of  A.M.  from  the  same  university  in  1904.  He  received  the  de- 
gree of  M.D.  from  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
afterwards  taking  post  graduate  work  in  London,  Paris,  Vienna  and 
Berlin.  He  married  Betty,  daughter  of  Lucile  Gephardt  and  William 
DeWitt  Tisdale,  in  San  Jose,  Calif.,  May  3,  1899.  He  was  a  vestry- 
man and  senior  warden  in  St.  Luke's  P.  E.  Church,  San  Francisco, 
Professor  of  Surgery  in  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  San  Fran- 
cisco, a  Knight  Templar,  Scottish  Rite  Mason,  member  of  the  Mystic 
Shrine,  California  Pioneers  and  Bohemian  Club. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  December  3,  1905,  and  is  survived  by  a 
wife,  son  and  brother,  Calhoun  Bryant,  of  San  Francisco. 


BURT. 

John  Peck  Burt,  born  in  Franklinville,  N.  Y.,  October  7,  1838,  was 
the  son  of  Phoebe  Lawton  and  James  Burt.  He  was  descended  from 
David  Burt,  First  Lieutenant  Lexington  Alarm,  in  General  Gates, 
army. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  47 

He  graduated  from  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  class  of 
1860.  In  1861  he  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  1862  for  disability. 

He  married  Genevieve  Stanislaus  Scott,  daughter  of  Ann  Lee  and 
William  Scott,  April  22,  1887,  in  San  Diego,  Calif. 

He  was  a  member  of  G.  A.  R.,  Knights  Templar  and  Delta  Upsilon 
Fraternity. 

He  died  in  San  Diego  February  22,  1915.  Two  children  survive 
him. 

CHANDLER. 

John  Gordon  Chandler,  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  retired,  was 
born  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  December  31,  1830,  was  descended  from  John 
Chandler,  Jr.,  a  private  in  Captain  John  Parker's  Company  at  the 
Battle  of  Lexington  Common. 

He  was  cadet  U.  S.  Military  Academy,  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber, 1848,  commissioned  brevet  2nd  Lieutenant  Third  Artillery  July 
1853  ;  2nd  Lieutenant  December,  1853,  1st  Lieutenant  May,  1856 ;  Cap- 
tain Q.  M.,  May  17,  1861 ;  Lieutenant  Colonel  Q.  M.  U.  S.  V.,  January 
1,  1863  to  August,  1865 ;  appointed  Major,  Q.  M.  U.  S.  A.,  January  18, 
1867 ;  Lieutenant  Colonel  A.  Q.  M.,  General  U.  S.  A.,  Dec.  11,  1892. 
Retired  December  31,  1894,  appointed  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.  and 
retired  April  23,  1894. 

He  married  Louise  Carnegie,  daughter  of  Colonel  J.  D.  Stevenson 
of  San  Francisco,  Calif. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 

He  died  in  Los  Angeles  June  20,  1915.  A  son,  Logan  B.,  of  Los 
Angeles,  survives  him. 

CLARK. 

Alvah  Kittredge  Clark,  born  in  Honolulu,  T.  H.,  November  22, 
1831,  son  of  Mary  Kittredge  and  Ephraim  Wesson  Clark,  was  de- 
scended from  Edward  Clark,  private,  regiment  of  Col.  Hubbard,  Mas- 
sachusetts Militia. 

His  father  was  a  prominent  missionary,  teacher  and  preacher.  He 
was  educated  in  Honolulu  and  Boston. 

He  was  married  in  Honolulu  in  1857  to  Harriett  Merrill  Hutchin- 
son. They  had  two  children  who  survive  him.  His  second  wife  was 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Bonny  of  Oakland,  Calif.,  who  with  a  daughter  survive 
him. 

He  died  in  Oakland,  Calif.,  March  22,  1913. 


48  California  Society 


CROWELL. 


Frederick  William  Crowell,  born  June  30,  1871,  in  San  Jose,  Calif., 
was  the  son  of  Amelia  Ann  Taylor  and  Charles  H.  Crowell,  and  was 
descended  from  Henry  Campbell,  a  private  in  Captain  Daniel  Run- 
nell  's  Co.,  New  Hampshire  Militia. 

For  ten  years  he  was  a  clerk  in  the  Royal  Insurance  Company. 

He  was  a  member  of  Oriental  Lodge  F.  &  A.  M.,  California  Bodies 
A.  &  A.  Scottish  Rite  and  Pyramid  No.  1,  A.  0.  E.  Sciots. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  March  21,  1916. 


CUSHING. 

Frank  Worthy  Cushing  was  born  in  Aurora,  111.,  November  9,  1843, 
the  son  of  Hannah  Townsend  and  Daniel  Cushing  and  descended  from 
Lieutenant  Daniel  Cushing,  N.  Y.  Militia. 

He  was  married  in  Astoria,  Oregon,  July  3, 1882,  to  Venice  Frankie, 
daughter  of  Jane  Alice  White  and  David  James  White. 

He  served  in  the  Union  Army  from  May  24, 1861,  to  June  18,  1864, 
when  he  was  honorably  discharged.  He  served  two  years  as  clerk  in 
Chicago  Post  Office,  four  years  as  Deputy  Postmaster,  Oakland,  and 
over  thirty  years  in  the  U.  S.  Customs  department  of  San  Francisco. 

He  was  Past  Master  California  Lodge  No.  1,  F.  &  A.  M.,  by  affilia- 
tion. Past  High  Priest  Oakland  Chapter  No.  36,  R.  A.  M.,  and  Past 
Commander  Oakland  Commandery  No.  11,  K.  T.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Managers  and  Marshal  of  the  California  Society 
S.  A.  R. 

He  died  in  Oakland  March  12,  1894. 

CUTLER. 

Alfred  Dennis  Cutler  was  born  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  February  22, 
1848,  the  son  of  Maria  Cutler  and  Leonard  Cutler  and  great-grandson 
of  Ammi  Cutler,  who  was  a  private  in  the  American  Revolution  from 
Massachusetts. 

He  graduated  from  the  Lexington  high  school  in  1864,  served  as  a 
private  in  the  Civil  War  in  the  6th  Massachusetts  regiment  from  May 
17  to  October  27,  1864. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  49 

Married  Emma  Isadora,  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Pierce,  of  Lexing- 
ton, May  22,  1870.  He  came  to  San  Francisco,  where  he  was  engaged 
in  business  about  forty  years,  part  of  the  time  with  Cutting  Packing 
Company.    He  was  also  engaged  in  banking  and  other  enterprises. 

He  was  a  colonel  in  the  National  Guard  of  California,  Commander 
of  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Police  Commissioner,  president  and 
treasurer  of  California  Society  S.  A.  R.  and  Vice-President-General  of 
the  National  Society,  S.  A.  R.,  a  member  of  Simon  W.  Robinson  Lodge 
of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  Lexington,  Commercial  and  Union 
League  Clubs,  San  Francisco. 

He  was  a  resident  of  San  Francisco  and  died  in  Burlingame,  July 
8,  1917,  survived  by  his  wife,  Emma  T.,  a  daughter,  Mrs.  Abbie  C.  Dyer 
of  San  Francisco,  and  two  sons,  Pierce  of  Burlingame,  and  Leonard 
of  San  Francisco. 

DAVIS. 

Horace  Davis,  born  March  16,  1831  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  was  the 
son  of  Eliza  Bancroft  and  John  Davis,  Governor  of  Massachusetts.  He 
was  descended  from  Isaa<3  Davis,  a  Lieutenant  in  the  Massachusetts 
Militia. 

He  attended  Williams  College  one  year,  graduating  from  Harvard 
College  in  1849,  and  attended  Harvard  Law  School  and  came  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1852. 

He  married  Lavina  S.,  daughter  of  Frederic  W.  Macondray,  in  San 
Francisco  March  6,  1862.  He  was  married  a  second  time  in  1875  in 
San  Francisco  to  Edith  Sawyer,  daughter  of  Thomas  Starr  King,  and 
is  survived  by  a  son,  Norris  King  Davis,  of  Hillsborough,  Calif.,  and  a 
Brother,  Andrew  M.  Davis  of  Cambridge,  Mass. 

He  was  Congressman  1877  to  1881,  President  of  the  University  of 
California,  1887-1890,  president  of  the  Trustees  of  Leland  Stanford 
Jr.  University  and  a  trustee  of  California  School  of  Mechanical  Arte. 
He  received  the  honorary  degree  of  LL.D.,  University  of  the  Pacific, 
1889,  Harvard  University  1911,  and  University  of  California,  1912. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  following  clubs:  University,  Chit-Chat, 
Unitarian,  Commonwealth,  Harvard  and  Faculty.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  American  Historical  Society,  and  the 
Beta  Kappa  Fraternity. 

He  left  a  large  estate  and  gave  large  bequests  to  educational  insti- 
tutions and  Unitarian  Societies. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  July  12,  1916. 


50  California  Society 


DOZIER. 

John  Dudley  Dozier  was  born  in  Rio  Vista,  Solano  County,  Cal., 
November  22,  1874,  the  son  of  Mary  Dudley  and  Dr.  Leonard  Frank- 
lin Dozier  and  a  descendant  of  John  Dozier,  a  Captain  of  South  Caro- 
lina Militia  in  1776.  He  was  educated  at  Oak  Mound  School,  Napa; 
Mt.  Tamalpais  Military  Academy  and  the  University  of  California, 
and  was  agricultural  manager  of  Alameda  Sugar  Company  from  1895 
until  1917.  He  was  a  member  of  Mt.  Shasta  Lodge  No.  281,  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons,  and  Redding  Lodge  of  Elks. 

He  married  Myrtle  Esther  Fuller  in  Anderson,  Shasta  County, 
May  29,  1900,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  William  Fuller  and  John 
Dudley  Dozier,  Jr. 

He  died  in  Hayward,  Cal,,  August  14,  1917,  and  is  survived  by 
his  wife  and  two  sons  of  Ha3^'ard,  and  two  brothers,  William  E.  of 
Susanville,  and  Thomas  B.  Dozier  of  San  Francisco. 


DRAPER 

Thomas  Wain-Morgan  Draper,  born  in  New  York  City  March  12, 
1855,  was  the  son  of  Elizabeth  Morgan  and  Theodore  Sedgwick  Draper. 
He  was  a  descendant  of  Samuel  Powel,  Mayor  of  Philadelphia  from 
October  3,  1775,  to  April  13,  1789. 

He  received  his  education  in  New  York  City,  Germany,  England, 
France  and  Switzerland.  In  1873  he  received  the  degree  of  Civil 
Engineer  from  Royal  Polytechnic,  Munich,  and  the  degree  of  Mining 
Engineer  in  1875  from  Royal  School  of  Mines,  Saxony. 

In  1884  he  married  Jeane  Louise  Kelsey  at  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  is 
survived  by  one  son  and  two  daughters. 

In  1876  he  had  charge  of  the  Mining  Exhibit  at  the  Centennial  Ex- 
hibition. Later  he  lived  in  Colorado,  California  and  Oregon,  and  re- 
turned to  New  York  City  about  1907. 

He  was  a  volunteer  in  the  German  Army  during  the  Franco-Prus- 
sian war.  He  was  Captain  Assistant  Inspector  General,  Colorado  Na- 
tional Guard,  later  Colonel  and  Inspector  General  and  saw  service  in 
Ute  Indian  outbreak.    In  1898  was  a  Captain  of  U.  S.  Volunteers. 

He  was  a  member  of  Corps  Vitruria,  Munich;  Corps  Montania, 
Freiburg ;  Society  Colonial  Wars ;  American  Society  Mechanical  Engi- 
neers and  other  societies. 

He  died  in  New  York  City,  November  8,  1915. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  51 


EASTIN. 

William  Boardman  Eastin  was  bom  in  AlbermarLe,  Va.,  September 
29,  1838,  the  son  of  Sarah  Rothwell  and  Rev.  Stephen  Eastin  and 
grandson  of  William  Eastin,  a  soldier  in  the  Virginia  Line  Continental 
Army. 

He  enlisted  in  the  2nd  company  Richmond  Howitzers,  Virginia  Ar- 
tillery May  15,  1861 ;  was  captured  October  19,  1864  at  Strasburg,  Va., 
and  released  May  15,  1865  at  Point  Lookout,  Maryland. 

He  was  the  first  secretary  of  Sons  of  Revolutionary  Sires  in  1876  in 
San  Francisco,  and  also  the  first  secretary  of  the  California  Society 
S.  A.  R.  1890-1892. 

He  died  at  Lee  Camp  Soldiers'  Home,  Richmond,  Va.,  July  8,  1913. 

ELLERY. 

George  Wanton  Ellery,  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  October  19,  1858, 
was  the  son  of  Mary  Ann  Beard  and  George  Wanton  Ellery.  He  was 
descended  from  William  Ellery,  a  senator  in  the  Connecticut  Congress, 
and  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 

He  was  married  to  Ethel,  daughter  of  John  R.  Watson,  in  Sacra- 
mento, California,  August  21,  1881,  and  is  survived  by  a  son,  John 
Watson  Ellery  of  San  Francisco,  and  two  daughters,  Mrs.  Stanley  Run- 
yon  of  Courtland  and  Mrs.  Charles  Jennings  of  Alameda. 

He  was  a  member  of  Olympic,  Union  League  and  Yacht  Clubs 
of  San  Francisco. 

He  died  in  Oakland  September  5,  1915. 


FIELD. 

Putnam  Field,  bom  in  Leverett,  Mass.,  November  10,  1836,  was  the 
son  of  Roda  C.  Putnam  and  Moses  Field  and  a  descendent  of  Moses 
Field,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  married  Kate  M.,  daughter  of  Mary  Whitney  and  William  Burt 
in  Scriba,  N.  Y.,  November  16,  1869.  One  son,  William  P.,  of  Havana, 
Cuba,  survives  him. 

His  second  wife  was  Anna  M.  daughter  of  Henry  McGaf fney.  One 
son,  Herbert  D.,  of  San  Diego,  survives  him. 


52  California  Society 

From  1854  to  1860  he  was  a  printer  in  Winsted,  Conn.  April  17, 
1861  enlisted  as  private  Tenth  Regiment  N.  Y.  Volunteers  and  rose  to 
rank  of  Captain,  participating  in  many  battles,  including  Battle  of 
Gettysburg  and  was  discharged  July  19,  1865. 

He  was  a  member  of  Massachusetts  and  New  England  Societies, 
G.  A.  R.  and  The  Loyal  Legion. 

He  died  in  San  Diego  March  31,  1915. 

GOODMAN. 

Theodore  Henry  Goodman,  born  in  Mount  Morris,  N.  Y.,  July  12, 
1830,  was  the  son  of  Harriet  Peck  and  Josiah  Moody  Goodman  and 
was  descended  from  Major  Noah  Goodman  of  the  Continental  Army, 
Massachusetts  Line. 

In  1850  he  began  his  railroad  career  as  telegraph  operator  with  the 
Vermont  and  Massachusetts  R.  R.  In  1859  went  to  Mississippi,  then 
New  Orleans,  and  came  to  California  on  the  steamer  Golden  Age,  after 
crossing  the  Isthmus.  He  was  the  first  general  passenger  agent  of  the 
C.  P.  R.  R.,  later  becoming  G.  P.  A.  of  the  S.  P.  R.  R.,  which  position 
he  held  until  his  retirement  in  1905. 

He  was  appointed  1st  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  1st  California  Cav- 
alry Volunteers  September  5,  1861,  transferred  to  2nd  Cavalry  Volun- 
teers September  10, 1861,  promoted  Captain  May  21, 1862,  and  resigned 
January  31, 1863,  on  account  of  having  lost  the  vision  in  one  eye. 

He  was  a  member  of  Loyal  Legion,  G.  H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R. ;  a 
thirty-third  degree  Scottish  Rite  Mason. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  June  11,  1914. 

GRANGER. 

Samuel  Granger,  bom  in  Windham,  Maine,  September  20,  1835, 
the  son  of  Polly  Pray  and  George  Granger,  was  descended  from  James 
Pray,  a  private  in  Capt.  William  Knight's  company,  Massachusetts 
Militia. 

He  was  married  in  Sacramento,  Calif.,  January  7, 1862,  to  Adelaide 
J.  Combs,  and  is  survived  by  a  widow  and  two  daughters,  Mrs.  M.  L. 
Elliott  of  San  Francisco,  and  Mrs.  F.  C.  Stokes  of  Grass  Valley. 

He  died  in  Grass  Valley,  Calif.,  December  8,  1915. 

He  was  in  business  in  Grass  Valley  for  fifty  years,  and  a  Mason 
and  Knight  Templar. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  53 


HALL. 

Charles  Lander  Hall  was  born  in  Nice,  France,  April  1,  1866,  the 
son  of  Mary  Abby  Dale  and  Charles  Olmsted  Hall,  and  great-grandson 
of  Timothy  Hall,  M.  D.,  a  private  in  Wadsworth's  Brigade,  Con- 
necticut. 

He  graduated  from  the  University  of  Montpelier,  France,  in  1886, 
and  was  a  noted  hunter  and  explorer  in  Borneo,  Sumatra,  Africa,  Si- 
beria, Alaska  and  the  Arctic  region;  of  late  years  he  was  a  rancher 
near  Sacramento,  Calif. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Bohemian  Club,  Society  of  Colonial  Wars, 
Order  of  the  Medjidie  of  Turkey,  Order  of  Christ  of  Portugal,  Order 
of  the  Lion  and  the  Sun  of  Persia  and  Order  of  the  Crown  of  Italy. 
He  was  commissioner  from  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  Exposition  at 
St.  Louis  in  1904. 

He  died  in  Sacramento  February  2,  1917,  survived  by  a  brother, 
Maurice  A.  Hall  of  San  Francisco. 

HALSTED. 

Eminel  Potter  Halsted,  bom  August  18,  1873  at  Watsonville,  Cali- 
fornia, was  the  son  of  Mary  E.  Brown  and  James  Lafayette  Halsted, 
and  was  descended  from  Joseph  Halsted,  a  private  in  the  Continental 
Line  from  Connecticut. 

He  graduated  from  the  Dental  Department  University  of  California 
in  1895. 

He  was  married  February  27,  1902,  to  Clara  Simmons  Brown. 
He  was  a  member  of  California  Commandery,  Military  Order  of  the 
Loyal  Legion. 

He  died  December  9,  1916. 

He  left  a  widow,  a  son,  Eminel  P.  Jr.,  two  brothers,  William  A.  of 
San  Francisco  and  John  B.  of  Sebastopol,  and  a  sister,  Mrs.  D.  W.  Gro- 
ver  of  Santa  Cruz. 

He  was  a  Mason  and  a  member  of  the  Olympic  Club. 

HEWES. 

David  Hewes  was  born  in  Lynnfield,  Massachusetts,  May  16,  1822. 
The  son  of  Ruth  Tapley  and  Joel  Hewes,  grandson  of  Joseph  Tapley, 
private  Lexington  Alarm,  and  great-grandson  of  Gilbert  Tapley,  Lieu- 
tenant Lexington  Alarm. 


54  California  Society 

He  graduated  from  Philip 's  Academy,  Massachusetts,  in  1847,  and 
was  a  student  at  Yale  College,  class  of  1852.  He  worked  to  earn  money 
to  educate  himself,  came  to  San  Francisco  in  1850,  and  in  February 
of  the  same  year,  opened  a  store  in  Sacramento,  returning  to  San 
Francisco  in  1853,  where  he  was  engaged  in  grading  the  sand  lots  with 
a  ''steam  paddy"  until  1869. 

He  also  lived  in  Oakland  and  Los  Angeles.  He  bought  a  large 
ranch  in  Orange,  Cal.,  in  1881  and  planted  vines  and  fruit  trees. 

He  married  Mrs.  Matilda  C.  Gray,  daughter  of  James  French,  at 
Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1875,  she  died  January  3,  1887. 
He  married  Anna  M.  Lathrop,  daughter  of  Dyer  Lathrop,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, June  11,  1889.    She  died  August  3,  1892. 

He  spent  several  years  in  Europe  and  was  interested  in  education, 
church  work,  and  had  a  Hewes  Genealogy  published. 

He  died  in  Orange,  Cal.,  July  23,  1915,  and  left  a  large  estate. 
Mills  College  and  Lane  Hospital  are  among  his  beneficiaries. 

HICKMAN. 

Ernest  Claudius  Hickman,  born  August  8,  1861  at  Battle  Creek, 
Mich.,  was  the  son  of  Margaret  Miller  and  John  E.  Hickman  and  was 
descended  from  Isaac  Hickman,  a  Lieutenant  in  New  Jersey  Militia. 

He  was  married  January  23,  1906,  to  Mrs.  Katherine  Lonnsbury  in 
San  Diego,  Calif. 

He  was  a  broker  and  capitalist  and  was  a  member  of  Lodge  No.  35, 
F.  &  A.  M.,  Knight  Templar,  Scottish  Rite  Mason,  thirty-second  de- 
gree ;  Knight  of  the  Court  of  Honor,  Al  Bahr  Temple  Mystic  Shrine, 
and  the  Cuyamaca  Club. 

He  is  survived  by  a  wife,  four  brothers,  I.  G.,  Wilbur  M.,  Henry  H. 
and  Frank  P.,  and  two  sisters,  Mrs.  Frank  AUwardt  and  Mrs.  G.  V. 
Hoardt. 

He  died  May  1,  1917  in  San  Diego. 

HOWLAND. 

Carver  Howland,  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  October  10,  1850,  was 
the  son  of  Emily  Langley  and  John  Andrews  Howland,  and  great- 
grandson  of  Zephaniah  Andrews,  a  Captain  of  the  Providence  Alarm 
Co.,  1778. 

He  was  retired  Major  in  the  U.  S.  A.  February  2, 1902. 

He  died  December  29,  1912. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  55 


HUME. 

William  Robert  Hume,  born  August  13,  1877,  at  Oakland,  Calif., 
was  the  son  of  Annie  Raymond  and  George  W.  Hume,  and  great-grand- 
son of  John  Hume,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  attended  schools  in  Oakland,  the  University  of  California  and 
the  Oakland  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  graduating  with  the 
degree  of  M.  D. 

He  practiced  medicine  in  Oakland,  was  a  Knight  Templar  and  Scot- 
tish Rite  Mason  and  member  of  the  Mystic  Shrine,  Athenian  and  Nile 
Clubs  of  Oakland. 

He  was  unmarried  and  is  survived  by  a  brother,  Charles  E.  Hume 
of  Oakland. 

He  died  February  1,  1917,  in  Oakland,  Calif. 

JORDAN. 

Frederick  William  Jordan,  born  in  Newton  Lower  Falls,  Massachu- 
setts, March  30,  1848,  the  son  of  Mary  Fuller  and  Allen  Jordan,  was 
descended  from  Moses  Fuller,  a  private  on  the  Lexington  Alarm. 

He  was  married  December  2,  1874,  in  Vancouver,  B.  C,  to  Abbie 
Lowell  Patterson.  He  came  to  California  at  the  age  of  17,  followed 
the  sea,  passed  through  the  grades  of  seaman,  master  mariner  and 
was  commissioned  San  Francisco  bar  pilot  in  1890,  which  position 
he  held  until  his  death. 

He  is  survived  by  a  widow,  two  sons  and  three  daughters. 

He  was  a  member  of  Parnassus  Lodge  No.  388  F.  &  A.  M.,  B.  P.  0. 
E.,  Knight  of  Rose  Croix,  Scottish  Rite  and  Master  Mariners'  Asso- 
•ciation. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco,  November  20,  1915. 

JOSSELYN. 

Charles  Lewis  Josselyn,  born  May  16,  1850,  in  Brookfield,  Mass., 
was  the  son  of  Alice  Walker  and  George  Dwelly  Josselyn,  and  great- 
grandson  of  Charles  Josselyn,  a  private  in  the  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  was  married  June  27,  1882,  to  Alice  Roaney  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  and  is  survived  by  a  widow,  three  sons,  Lewis,  Talbert  and  Win- 
sor,  of  Carmel,  CaL,  and  two  brothers,  Albert  of  Brockton,  Mass.,  and 
James  R.  of  Eastlake,  Florida.    He  was  a  Mason. 

He  died  January  12,  1917,  at  Pasadena,  Calif. 


56  California  Society 


KENT. 

Thaddeus  Benning  Kent  was  bom  in  West  Springfield,  Mass.,  May 
19,  1839,  the  son  of  Eliza  Jane  Leavitt  and  Henry  Kent  and  a  descend- 
ant of  Benjamin  Leavitt,  a  private  in  N.  H.  Militia. 

He  was  educated  at  a  Nautical  School  in  Boston,  spent  several  years 
at  sea,  came  to  San  Francisco  in  the  early  sixties  and  married.  He  was 
with  the  San  Francisco  Savings  Union  Bank  for  twenty  years.  He 
was  a  member  of  all  branches  of  Free  Masonry  including  thirty-third 
degree  Scottish  Rite,  also  the  Mystic  Shrine. 

No  children  survive  him.  His  wife  died  many  years  ago,  three 
nieces,  Mrs.  Blanche  L.  Clough,  Tumwater,  Wash.,  Mrs.  Marion  Grant 
and  Mrs.  Zoe  Bates,  survive  him. 

He  was  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco,  March  1,  1917. 

KIMBALL. 

Francis  Augustus  Kimball  was  bom  in  Contoocook,  N.  H.,  Janu- 
ary 26,  1832,  the  son  of  Hannah  Little  and  Asa  Kimball,  and  grand- 
son of  Friend  Little,  a  private  in  N.  H.  troops.  He  was  raised  on  a 
farm,  and  became  a  carpenter  and  merchant  in  Contoocook. 

He  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Zebulon  Currier  of  Warner,  N.  H., 
April  19,  1857.    They  had  no  children. 

He  and  his  two  brothers,  Levi  W.  and  Warren  C,  came  to  San 
Francisco  in  1861,  where  they  were  contractors  and  builders  for  sev- 
eral years.  In  1868  he  and  his  brother  Warren  bought  ''Rancho  de 
la  Nacion"  in  San  Diego  county,  containing  forty- two  squares  miles 
with  a  frontage  of  six  miles  on  San  Diego  Bay,  and  built  a  home  in 
what  is  now  the  center  of  National  City.  At  that  time  the  only 
buildings  in  San  Diego  were  the  U.  S.  Barracks  and  the  old  Spanish 
buildings. 

He  surveyed  and  plotted  National  City,  and  was  largely  instru- 
mental in  getting  the  railroad  to  San  Diego. 

He  was  the  first  olive  grower  after  the  Spanish  planters.  In  1869 
he  and  his  brother  organized  the  "Kimball  Brothers'  Water  Com- 
pany," which  became  "Sweetwater  Water  Company"  in  1886. 

He  was  a  charter  member  of  Southwest  Lodge  No.  283,  F.  &  A.  M., 
and  was  always  foremost  as  a  public  spirited  citizen. 

He  died  in  National  City,  August  11,  1913.  His  wife  died  August 
26,  1912. 


Sons  OP  the  American  Revolution  57 

KINNE. 

Charles  Mason  Kinne,  born  in  New  York,  April  11,  1841,  was  de- 
scended from  Cyrus  Kinne,  a  private  in  6tli  Regiment  of  N.  Y.  Militia. 

He  was  married  in  April,  1864,  at  Vienna,  Va.,  to  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  Eleanor  and  Francis  D'Arcy.  One  son,  Frank,  1st  Lieutenant 
U.  S.  Marine  Corps,  and  two  daughters,  Eleanor  and  Alice,  survive 
him. 

He  arrived  in  California  in  January,  1859,  bringing  the  first  honey 
bees  to  California. 

In  December,  1862,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  **  California  100." 
The  command  being  sent  to  Boston  he  was  assigned  to  the  2nd  Massa- 
chusetts Volunteer  Cavalry,  and  served  through  the  various  grades  to 
Captain  and  Assistant  Adjutant  General,  being  mustered  out  July  11, 
1865.  After  the  war  he  was  with  the  Liverpool  and  London  and 
Globe  Insurance  Co.,  in  San  Francisco  until  he  was  retired  as  assistant 
manager  on  December  31,  1911. 

He  was  Major  and  Judge  Advocate  2nd  Brigade  N.  G.  C,  Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Assistant  Adjutant  General  1st  Division  N.  G.  C,  and 
Colonel  Paymaster  General  on  the  Staff  of  Governor  George  C.  Perkins. 

He  was  a  member  of  California  Lodge  No.  1,  F.  &  A.  M.,  I.  0.  0.  F., 
A.  O.  U.  W.,  Loyal  Legion,  N.  Y.  Society,  and  Fire  Underwriters'  As- 
sociation. 

He  died  in  Berkeley,  California,  December  25,  1913. 

KITTRIDGE. 

Ralph  Bell  Kittridge,  bom  in  Oakland,  Calif.,  February  20,  1859, 
the  son  of  Isabella  Bigelow  and  Charles  Kittridge,  was  descended 
from  Alfred  Bigelow,  who  served  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  was  married  in  San  Francisco  June  2,  1895,  to  Elizabeth  G. 
O'Brien. 

He  was  a  member  of  California  Lodge  No.  1,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  Nile 
Temple  of  Mystic  Shrine.  He  died  in  Seattle,  Wa^h.,  October  28, 
1910.  A  widow,  sister  and  one  brother,  Spencer  B.,  of  San  Francisco, 
survive  him. 

LATHROP. 

Charles  Gardner  Lathrop,  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  May  11,  1849,  son 
of  Jane  Ann  Shields  and  Dyer  Lathrop,  was  descended  from  Jedediah 
Lathrop  Jr.,  a  private  in  Connecticut  State  Militia. 


58  California  Society 

He  was  married  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  March  5,  1870,  to  Libbie  Gris- 
wold.  By  this  union  two  children,  Leland  S.  and  Mrs.  Jennie  L.  Wat- 
son, survive  him. 

January  19,  1893,  he  married  Anne  Schlageter  in  San  Francisco. 
She  and  a  daughter,  Hermina  G.,  survive  him. 

He  came  to  California  in  1896,  and  became  associated  with  Southern 
Pacific  Company,  later  becoming  business  manager  for  Senator  and 
Mrs.  Leland  Stanford,  until  Mrs.  Stanford's  death  in  1905.  He  was 
treasurer  and  business  manager  for  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University 
until  his  death. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Union  Club,  University,  Menlo 
and  Burlingame  Country  Clubs  and  B.  P.  0.  E. 

He  died  at  Alta  Vista,  May  24,  1914. 


MERRILL. 

George  Whitney  Merrill,  born  in  Turner,  Maine,  June  26,  1837,  son 
of  Ruth  Bray  and  Paine  Merrill,  and  was  descended  from  Isaac  Cush- 
man,  private  Massachusetts  Militia.  He  graduated  from  Bowdoin 
College,  Maine,  in  1859,  went  to  Evansville,  Ind.,  where  he  read  law 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  Indiana. 

Was  in  Monroe,  La.,  in  business  at  time  of  attack  on  Fort  Sumpter, 
was  detained  a  month,  escaped  by  artifice  and  reached  Evansville. 
Enlisted  as  private  at  Evansville,  summer  of  1861 ;  commissioned  1st 
Lieutenant  December  1,  1861,  Company  F,  6th  Regiment  Indiana  Vol- 
unteers, Department  of  Ohio.  Promoted  to  Captain  May  27,  1862; 
elected  Major  November,  1862,  all  in  same  company  and  regiment. 
Was  in  battle  of  Mumfordville,  Kentucky,  September,  1862,  was 
slightly  wounded,  taken  prisoner  September  17,  1862,  and  paroled. 
While  on  parole  in  Indianapolis  he  resigned  December  6,  1862. 

He  resided  in  Nevada  and  California.  Was  district  attorney  in 
Nevada  ten  years. 

Member  Legislature  in  Nevada  and  speaker  of  Assembly  1881; 
Nevada  State  Land  Agent  and  attorney,  residing  in  Washington,  D.  C, 
1883-1884.  U.  S.  Minister  to  Hawaii  1885-1889.  Admitted  to  U.  S. 
Supreme,  Circuit  and  District  Courts,  also  Supreme  Courts  of  Nevada 
and  California. 

He  married  Annie  E.  McLain  of  Eureka,  Nev.,  in  1879. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  59 

Member  Geo.  H.  Thomas  Post  No.  2,  San  Francisco,  Loyal  Legion 
and  Knights  Templar. 

Died  in  San  Francisco  January  10,  1914.  A  widow,  of  Oakland, 
and  a  sister  survive  him. 

MOSSHOLDER. 

Marks  Prentice  MosshoJder,  born  June  23,  1884,  at  Osceola,  Ne- 
braska, son  of  Jennie  Prentice  and  William  John  Mossholder,  was  de- 
scended from  John  Mossholder,  a  private  in  Pennsylvania  Militia. 

He  was  married  March  21,  1907,  at  San  Diego,  to  Katherine  Julia 
Schultz.  He  w^as  a  lawyer,  a  thirty-second  degree  Mason  and  member 
of  the  Mystic  Shrine,  Union  League  and  Rod  and  Reel  and  Cabrillo 
Clubs  of  San  Diego. 

He  died  in  San  Diego  November  2,  1915,  leaving  a  widow  and  three 
daughters. 

OTIS. 

Harrison  Gray  Otis  was  bom  in  Washington  County,  Ohio,  Febru- 
ary 10,  1837,  son  of  Sarah  Dyar  and  Stephen  Otis,  and  grandson  of 
Barnabas  Otis,  a  private  in  the  Connecticut  Line  of  the  Revolutionary 
War. 

He  was  reared  on  a  farm,  attending  the  country  schools.  At  14 
he  left  home  to  learn  the  printing  trade;  he  attended  Wetherby 
Academy  and  graduated  from  Grangers  Commercial  College,  Ohio.  He 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Twelfth  Ohio  Volunteers  June  25,  1861, 
was  promoted  to  1st  Sergeant  March  1,  1862;  2nd  Lieutenant  No- 
vember 12,  1862;  1st  Lieutenant  May  30,  1863;  and  to  Captain  July  1, 
1864.  In  the  winter  of  1864-65  he  was  assigned,  as  the  senior  captain 
present  for  duty,  to  the  command  of  his  regiment  at  Cumberland,  Md., 
and  led  it  up  the  Shenandoah  Valley  to  Harrisburg,  where  he  was 
Provost  Marshall  up  to  the  close  of  the  war,  at  that  time  he  was 
breveted  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  ''for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war,"  and  honorably  discharged  August  1,  1865. 

He  served  forty-nine  months  in  the  army,  in  the  field  and  camp ; 
participated  in  fifteen  engagements,  was  twice  wounded  in  battle,  and 
received  seven  promotions,  including  two  brevets.  In  the  course  of 
his  military  service  in  the  Civil  War  he  made  a  battle  record  embracing 
the  following  actions,  in  which  he  was  a  participant :  Scarey  Creek,  W. 
Va.,  July  17,  1861;  Camifex  Ferry,  Va.,  September  10,  1861;  Bull 


60  California  Society 

Run  Bridge,  Va.,  August  27,  1861 ;  Frederick,  Md.,  September  12,  1861 
(skirmish)  ;  South  Mountain,  September  14,  1862 ;  Antietam,  Septem- 
ber 17,  1862  (wounded) ;  Blue  Sulphur  Springs,  W.  Va.,  September, 
1863  (skirmish)  ;  Boyer's  Ferry,  W.  Va.,  November,  1863  (skirmish)  ; 
Meadow  Bluff,  W.  Va.,  December  14,  1863  (picket  fight) ;  Princeton, 
Va.,  May,  1864  (skirmish) ;  Cloyd  Mountain,  Va.,  May  9,  1863;  New 
River  Bridge,  Va.,  May  10,  1864;  Quaker  Church  (Lynchburg),  Va., 
June  17-18,  1864;  Cabelltown,  Va.,  July  20,  1864;  Kernstown,  Va., 
July  24,  1864  (severely  wounded). 

He  became  owner  of  a  small  newspaper  and  printing  plant  at 
Marietta,  0.,  in  1865,  was  foreman  of  the  government  printing  office  at 
Washington,  1869-1870 ;  chief  of  a  division  in  the  United  States  Patent 
Office,  1871  to  1876 ;  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Santa  Barbara  Press, 
1876  to  1880 ;  principal  United  States  Treasury  Agent  in  charge  of  the 
Seal  Islands  of  Alaska  from  1879  to  1881. 

In  1882  he  was  offered  by  the  State  Department  the  appointment 
of  United  States  Consul  for  the  Samoan  Islands,  and  in  1884  a  similar 
appointment  at  Tien-Tsin,  China,  both  of  which  he  declined. 

He  was  official  reporter  of  the  Ohio  House  of  Representatives  at 
the  session  of  1866-67 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Kentucky  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  which  nominated  Abraham  Lincoln 
for  President  in  1860,  and  also  a  delegate  from  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia to  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors'  National  Convention  at  Chicago,  in 
1868,  which  first  nominated  General  U.  S.  Grant  for  the  presidency. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  American  Academy  of  Sciences,  Associated 
Press  and  American  Newspaper  Publishers'  Association;  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion,  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  Military  Order  of  Foreign 
Wars,  United  Spanish  War  Veterans,  National  Society  of  the  Army  of 
the  Philippines,  Veteran  Army  of  the  Philippines,  Sons  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution,  and  of  several  local  clubs  and  societies. 

In  September,  1910,  he  was  appointed  by  the  President  a  commis- 
sioner on  the  part  of  the  United  States  to  attend  the  centennial  of 
Mexican  independence,  and  discharged  that  function  acceptably  to 
his  government. 

He  married  in  Lowell,  0.,  September  11,  1869,  Miss  Eliza  A.  Weth- 
erby,  who  died  November  12,  1904,  and  who  was  actively  associated 
with  her  husband  in  journalism  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century. 
She  was  the  author  of  a  noted  volume  of  poetry  and  prose  entitled, 
''California,  Where  Sets  the  Sun"  (1905). 


Sons  op  the  American  Revolution  61 

Of  this  union  came  a  son,  Harrison  Gray,  bom  1861,  died  in  in- 
fancy, and  four  daughters,  Lilian,  born  September  22,  1864,  died 
March,  1905 ;  Marian,  wife  of  Harry  Chandler ;  Mabel,  wife  of  Frank- 
lin Booth,  and  Esther,  died  in  infancy. 

He  resided  at  the  Bivouac,  Wilshire  Boulevard  and  Park  View,  Los 
Angeles,  until  this  was  presented  by  him  to  the  county  as  a  public  art 
gallery,  some  months  ago.  More  recently  he  had  made  his  home  with 
Mr.  Chandler  at  No.  2330  Hillhurst  avenue,  Hollywood. 

He  became  a  fourth  owner  in  the  Los  Angeles  Times  August  1, 
1882,  and  in  October,  1884,  joined  in  the  organization  of  the  Times- 
Mirror  Company  for  its  continued  publication,  and  was  its  president 
and  general  manager  from  1886  to  his  death.  He  was  a  director  and 
interested  in  many  corporations. 

He  was  appointed  Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers  in  the  Spanish 
War  May,  1898,  and  was  in  command  in  the  Philippines,  was  relieved 
of  his  command  at  Malolos,  at  his  own  request,  and  returned  to  the 
United  States,  where  he  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  military 
service  July  2,  1899.  He  was  subsequently  brevetted  Major  General 
''for  meritorious  conduct  in  action  at  Caloocan,  March  25,  1899." 

He  was  a  national  figure  in  journalism  and  was  actively  engaged 
therein  until  his  sudden  death  in  Los  Angeles  July  30,  1917. 

PATTERSON. 

Charles  Francis  Patterson,  bom  October  17,  1863,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  son  of  Adelia  Moore  and  Joseph  A.  Patterson,  was  descended 
from  John  B.  Osborne,  a  private  in  the  New  Jersey  Militia. 

He  was  married  February  23,  1911,  in  Los  Angeles,  Calif.,  to 
Celia  Hindman. 

He  was  an  architect  and  builder  in  Los  Angeles. 

He  died  February  7, 1915,  in  New  York  City,  leaving  a  widow,  Celia 
H.,  and  a  brother,  Geo.  H.  Patterson. 

PHELPS. 

Thomas  Stowell  Phelps  Jr.,  born  November  7,  1848,  at  Portsmouth, 
Virginia,  the  son  of  Margaret  Riche  Levy  and  Rear  Admiral  Thomas 
Stowell  Phelps,  U.  S.  N.,  was  descended  from  Thomas  Nixon,  a  Colonel 
in  a  Massachusetts  regiment,  1776. 


62  California  Society 

He  was  appointed  a  cadet  in  the  Naval  Academy  February  26, 
1865,  by  President  Lincoln,  graduating  in  1869,  and  passed  through 
the  various  grades  in  the  United  States  Navy  until  reaching  that  of 
Rear  Admiral  July  24,  1909,  and  was  retired  from  active  service 
November  7,  1910. 

During  the  Spanish- American  War  he  was  on  the  transport  '  ^  New- 
port" and  on  arrival  in  Manila  was  transferred  to  one  of  the  ships 
under  command  of  Admiral  Dewey.  His  last  duty  was  as  Com- 
mandant of  Mare  Island  Navy  Yard,  where  his  father,  Rear  Admiral 
Thomas  S.  Phelps,  at  one  time  filled  the  same  position. 

He  was  a  gallant,  courteous,  kind,  and  genial  officer,  and  one  who 
held  the  enviable  reputation  in  the  naval  service  of  never  speaking 
ill  of  any  one. 

He  was  married  October  18,  1877  in  San  Francisco,  to  Elevena 
Martin  and  is  survived  by  a  widow  and  a  daughter,  Marjorie  Phelps 
Glassford  and  a  sister,  Margaret  Phelps  Adams  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion  and  Spanish  War  Veterans. 
He  died  in  Oakland,  Calif.,  November  3,  1915. 


PLUM. 

Charles  Mortimer  Plum,  born  in  San  Francisco,  California,  July 
31,  1866,  the  son  of  Catherine  S.  Macdougal  and  Charles  Mortimer 
Plum,  was  descended  from  John  Plum,  a  private  in  the  N.  Y.  Militia. 

.  He  was  married  in  Oakland,  August  17,  1892,  to  Lilian,  daughter 
of  Alvah  H.  Bachelder.  He  died  in  San  Francisco  January  23,  1915, 
and  is  survived  by  a  widow  and  two  children,  Lorraine  and  Charles 
M.  Jr.,  and  two  sisters. 

He  was  a  member  of  California  Lodge  No.  1,  F.  &  A.  M.,  Islam 
Temple,  California  Bodies  A.  &  A.  S.  Rite  and  Bohemian  Club. 


PRICE. 

Arthur  Hamblin  Price,  bom  in  Knoxville,  111.,  January  24,  1853, 
was  the  son  of  Lucy  C.  Hamblin  and  James  Price  and  great-grandson 
of  Daniel  Hamblin,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  died  in  Oklahoma  City,  Okla.,  December  17,  1911. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  63 


REED. 

George  Whitney  Reed,  bom  in  Sacramento,  Calif.,  December  17, 
1858,  was  the  son  of  Frances  Wilcox  and  LaFayette  Reed,  a  descendant 
of  James  Reed  of  New  Hampshire,  Brigadier  General  of  the  Con- 
tinental Army. 

He  was  educated  at  Brewer's  School  and  Columbia  University. 
He  was  a  Customs  House  broker. 

He  was  married  in  Berkeley,  Calif.,  August  3,  1883,  to  Lillie 
Bonte,  daughter  of  J.  H.  C.  Bonte. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  November  10,  1916.  A  widow  and 
daughter,  Mrs.  Emelie  R.  Baldwin  of  San  Francisco,  survive  him. 

ROBINSON. 

Jones  McGregory  Robinson,  bom  in  Lubec,  Maine,  May  7,  1862, 
son  of  Matilda  A.  Hamilton  and  John  Ramsdell  Robinson,  was  de- 
scended from  Dominions  Rumery,  a  private  in  the  Massachusetts  Ar- 
tillery. 

He  was  married  in  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  July  1,  1885,  to  Clara 
Edora  Reynolds. 

He  was  a  member  of  Woodmen  of  the  World,  Live  Oak  Lodge 
F.  &  A.  M.,  and  Nile  Club,  Oakland.  He  was  in  business  in  San  Fran- 
cisco. He  died  at  Oakland,  November  26,  1914.  A  widow  of  Gait, 
Calif.,  three  sons  and  one  daughter  survive  him. 


SAWYER. 

James  Estcourt  Sawyer,  bom  in  Washington,  D.  C,  July  3,  1846, 
son  of  Roxalana  Wadsworth  and  Horace  Bucknell  Sawyer,  Captain 
U.  S.  N.,  was  descended  from  Ephriam  Sawyer,  Lieutenant-Colonel  in 
the  American  Revolution  from  Massachusetts,  and  James  Sawyer, 
Ensign  in  the  American  Revolution  from  Massachusetts. 

He  was  married  in  New  York  City,  June  4,  1873,  to  Elizabeth 
Owen  Thompson  and  is  survived  by  one  son,  Arthur  E.  and  one 
daughter,  Caroline  Marguerite,  both  of  Hudson  Falls,  N.  Y. 

He  served  as  a  clerk  in  the  navy  during  1865  and  1866,  was  ap- 
pointed 2nd  Lieutenant  5th  Artillery  in  1867 ;  December  1,  1893,  was 
transferred  to  the  quartermaster  department  as  Captain.  He  ad- 
vanced through  the  different  grades,  becoming  a  Colonel  April  21, 


64  California  Society 

1910,  retiring  from  active  service  July  3,  1910,  with  the  rank  of 
Brigadier  General. 

From  1886  to  1888  he  was  Aide-de-Camp  to  General  John  M. 
Schofield. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  War  of  1812  and  Cham- 
plain  Societies,  Army  and  Navy  Club,  New  York  and  Metropolitan 
Club  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

He  died  in  Hudson  Falls,  N.  Y.,  May  29,  1914. 

SHELDON. 

Joseph  Alonzo  Sheldon,  bom  October  10,  1868,  in  Dansville,  N.  Y., 
was  the  son  of  Agnes  Margaret  Welch  and  Mark  Sheldon,  great-grand- 
son of  Tilley  Richardson,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  was  married  March  17,  1904,  in  San  Francisco,  to  Florence 
Mayer.  He  died  October  18,  1916,  in  Alameda.  His  widow,  a  son, 
Richardson  Mark,  and  a  daughter  Lela,  of  Alameda,  Calif.,  also  a 
brother,  Frank  P.,  and  a  sister,  Mrs.  Katherine  S.  Hanlon,  survive  him. 

SHERMAN. 

Charles  Hammond  Sherman  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January 
30,  1846,  the  son  of  Mary  Getchell  and  L.  P.  Sherman  and  great-great- 
grandson  of  Daniel  Sherman,  a  member  of  the  ''Council  of  Safety'*  in 
Connecticut  during  the  Revolutionary  War. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  April  1,  1916,  survived  by  a  son,  T.  P. 
Sherman,  a  daughter,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Tryon,  and  a  widow,  Emma  Sher- 
man, residing  at  1932  Fell  St.,  San  Francisco. 

SHREVE. 

George  Rodman  Shreve,  son  of  Rebecca  Rodman  Nichols  Creamer 
and  George  Choate  Shreve,  and  a  descendant  of  Benjamin  Shreve  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  who  was  a  recognized  patriot  at  the  time  of  the 
American  Revolution,  was  bom  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  July  20,  1861. 

He  was  senior  member  of  Shreve,  Treat  &  Eacret,  jewelers,  San 
Francisco,  and  formerly  of  Shreve  &  Co. 

He  died  at  his  home  in  San  Mateo,  August  4,  1914,  survived  by  a 
widow,  Jennie  M.,  and  three  daughters,  Rebecca,  Elizabeth  and  Agnes. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  65 


SUMNER. 

Frank  William  Sumner,  bom  in  Dover,  Maine,  January  13,  1849, 
son  of  Elvira  Thompson  and  William  Brintnall  Sumner,  was  de- 
scended from  William  Sumner,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  was  married  April  8,  1874,  at  Sacramento  to  Prancetta  Lowell, 
who  survives  him. 

He  was  prominent  as  a  Mason  and  Knight  Templar  and  member  of 
the  Union  League  Club. 

He  served  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Waterman  and  published  a 
book  on  military  tactics.  He  was  in  business  in  San  Francisco  forty- 
two  years. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  October  8,  1914. 

TOWLE. 

George  Washington  Towle,  born  in  Corinth,  Vermont,  February 
22,  1836,  the  son  of  Annie  Doe  and  Ira  Towle,  was  descended  from 
Brackett  Towle,  a  Lieutenant  in  the  N.  Y.  Militia. 

He  was  married  in  Dutch  Flat,  Calif.,  June  5,  1873,  to  Frauees 
A.  Staples  of  North  Hampton,  N.  Y.,  who  survives  him. 

He  came  to  California  via  Isthmus  of  Panama  in  1857,  went  to 
Dutch  Flat  where  his  brothers  had  preceded  him.  They  had  large 
lumber  interests  at  Dutch  Flat  and  Towle,  Calif.,  Utah  and  Nevada. 
He  retired  from  active  business  in  1904. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco  May  23,  1914. 


TUTTLE. 

Charles  Whitcomb  Tuttle,  bom  in  Hancock,  N.  H.,  May  28,  1862, 
son  of  Lucy  Bigelow  and  Adolphus  Darwin  Tuttle,  was  descended 
from  Alfred  Bigelow,  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Andover  Academy,  Bowdin  College, 
class  of  1886,  and  Germany. 

He  was  married  April  24,  1889,  in  Brunswick,  Maine,  to  Lizzie 
Nellie  Abbott  Jordan,  and  is  survived  by  a  widow,  daughter  and  tfiree 
sons  of  CoLusa  and  San  Francisco. 


66  California  Society 

He  was  part  owner  of  the  Jiminez  ranch  and  a  director  of  the 
Colusa  County  Bank.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Union  and 
University  Clubs,  Alpha  Delta  Phi  and  Phi  Beta  Kappa  Fraternities. 

He  died  in  Assuan,  Egypt,  February  8, 1913. 


WADSWORTH. 

Charles  Curtiss  Wads  worth,  born  in  Madison,  Ohio,  May  27,  1849, 
the  son  of  Sarah  Elizabeth  Curtiss  and  Joseph  Samuel  Wadsworth, 
was  descended  from  John  Wadsworth,  a  private  in  N.  Y.  Militia. 

He  was  educated  in  Ohio,  graduating  in  medicine  from  Wooster 
University  in  1874. 

He  was  married  in  San  Francisco  September  19,  1876,  to  Mary 
M.  Craig  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  is  survived  by  a  widow%  a  daughter, 
Mrs.  M.  Edith  Logan,  Manila,  P.  I.,  one  brother  and  two  sisters. 

He  practiced  medicine  in  San  Francisco  for  thirty-six  years. 

He  was  a  member  of  California  Lodge  No.  1  F.  &  A.  M.,  prominent 
in  State  and  County  Medical  Societies  and  a  member  of  the  American 
Medical  Association. 


He  died  in  San  Francisco  January  1,  1915. 


WAGENER. 

Samuel  Hopkins  Wagener,  born  in  Penn  Yan,  New  York,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1832,  the  son  of  Maria  West  and  David  Wagener,  was  de- 
scended from  Amos  Cutting  West,  a  private  in  Connecticut  Militia. 

He  was  married  in  Monroe,  Michigan,  September  20,  1864,  to 
Evelina  Francis  Swift,  and  is  survived  by  three  children,  Allan  C, 
Paul  H.,  and  Mrs.  Oscar  G.  Rogers,  all  of  California. 

He  was  a  prominent  druggist  in  Michigan  and  California,  retiring 
from  active  business  in  1912. 

He  was  prominent  in  Masonry,  being  a  member  of  San  Jose  Com- 
mandery  No.  10,  K.  T.,  Islam  Temple  A.  A.  0.  N.  M.  S.,  and  Santa 
Clara  County  Pioneers. 

He  died  in  San  Jose  May  15,  1916. 


Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  67 


WATERMAN. 

August  T.  Waterman,  son  of  Emelie  Spencer  and  Albert  G.  Wa- 
terman, a  descendant  of  Joseph  Spencer,  1st  Lieutenant  4th  Pennsyl- 
vania Battalion,  and  Rev.  James  Sproat,  Chaplain  Philadelphia  Gen- 
eral Hospital,  was  bom  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  17,  1840. 

He  died  November  30,  1914,  survived  by  a  wife  residing  at  728 
Paru  street,  Alameda. 

WILSON. 

Charles  Harold  Wilson,  bom  August  9,  1862,  in  Charlestown, 
Massachusetts,  was  the  son  of  Mary  D.  Burckes  and  John  Boynton 
Wilson,  also  great-grandson  of  Joshua  Wilson,  a  Minuteman  on  Lex- 
ington Alarm. 

He  was  married  in  San  Francisco  June  14,  1898,  to  Annette  P. 
Godchaux  and  is  survived  by  a  widow,  a  brother,  Joseph  Wilson,  of 
AlLentown,  Pa.,  and  a  sister,  Mrs.  M.  J.  Day  of  Boston,  Mass. 

He  was  a  lawyer,  a  Knight  Templar,  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
Club  and  Red  Cross  of  Constantine. 

He  died  in  San  Francisco,  Calif.,  June  11,  1917. 


WOOD. 

Henry  Holden  Wood,  born  May  7,  1831,  in  Walpole,  Mass.,  was 
the  son  of  Susanna  Glover  and  Horatio  Wood  and  a  descendant  of 
Joshua  Glover,  a  drummer  on  Lexington  Alarm,  from  Milton,  and 
later  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Massachusetts  Militia. 

He  married  Eleanor  Jane  Loftus  August  14,  1878,  at  Napa,  Calif., 
and  is  survived  by  two  children,  Hazel  E.  and  Myrtle  G.  Wood,  both 
of  Oakland,  Calif. 

He  was  a  building  contractor  in  San  Francisco  from  1852  to  1870, 
and  secretary  and  director  of  the  San  Francisco  Laundry  Association 
until  his  death  in  Oakland,  January  25,  1917. 


68  California  Society 


WOOLSEY. 


Philip  Sheridan  Woolsey,  bom  in  Berkeley,  December  20, 1864,  son 
of  Hannah  Reeve  and  James  B.  Woolsey,  was  descended  from  H^iry 
Woolsey,  a  private  in  5th  Regiment  N.  Y.  Line. 

He  graduated  from  University  of  California  in  1886. 

He  was  a  member  of  Durant  Lodge  No.  264  F.  &  A.  M.,  a  Knight 
Templar  and  member  of  the  Scottish  Rite  and  Mystic  Shrine. 

He  was  Pacific  Coast  manager  of  American  Book  Company. 

He  was  unmarried. 

He  died  in  Berkeley,  November  26,  1914,  survived  by  his  father, 
mother,  six  brothers  and  three  sisters. 


ORIGIN 

OF    THE 

CALIFORNIA  SOCIETY  OF  THE 

SONS  OF  THE  AMERICAN 

REVOLUTION 

By  Thomas  A.  Perkins. 


On  May  10,  1783,  a  few  of  the  officers  of  the  Ameri- 
can Army  during  the  Revolution  formed  the  Society 
of  the  Cincinnati  on  the  banks  of  the  Hudson.  Mem- 
bership is  based  upon  official  service  only  and  is  estab- 
lished on  the  law  of  primogeniture,  consequently  the 
society  is  very  small  and  will  continue  to  grow  smaller. 

A  call  for  the  descendants  of  Revolutionary  fathers 
to  meet  at  212  Kearney  street,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia, on  the  evening  of  June  29,  1876,  was  published  in 
the  "Alta  California"  of  that  date  at  the  request  of 
James  P.  Dameron,  for  the  purpose  of  celebrating  the 
Centennial  Anniversary.  In  response  to  the  call  several 
men  met  there,  and  on  July  4,  1876,  they  formed  a  per- 
manent organization  called  "Sons  of  Revolutionary 
Sires."  This  is  believed  to  be  the  first  society  organized 
with  membership  based  upon  service  in  the  cause  of 
American  Independence,  except  the  Society  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati. 

Anticipating  the  Centennial  Celebration,  a  few  men 
met  at  the  office  of  Dr.  James  L.  Cogswell,  230  Kearney 
street,  San  Francisco,  on  October  22,  1875,  and  formed 
a  temporary  organization  only.  Nothing  more  was  done 
until  some  of  them  helped  to  organize  the  Sons  of 
Revolutionary  Sires. 

In  the  early  part  of  1889  societies  were  formed  in 
several  of  the  eastern  states  under  the  name  of  Sons 
of  the  Revolution. 

Acting  on  a  resolution  of  the  New  Jersey  society 
(Sons  of  the  Revolution),  delegates  from  thirteen  states 
met  at  Faunce's  Tavern,  New  York  City,  April  30,  1889, 
at  the  time  of  the  celebration  of  the  One  Hundredth 
Anniversary  of  the  Inauguration  of  George  Washington 


70 


as  first  President,  and  formed  the  National  Society  of 
the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution,  which  was  in- 
corporated by  special  act  of  Congress,  June  6,  1906. 

The  National  Society  is  now  composed  of  forty-six 
State  Societies,  and  Societies  in  the  District  of  Columbia, 
Hawaii,  the  Philippines  and  France  with  a  member- 
ship of  more  than  14,000. 

It  is  non-sectarian,  non-political  and  non-secret. 


Reasons  for  Membership. 

It  is  a  practical  way  of  honoring  our  patriotic  fore- 
fathers. 

It  preserves  a  line  of  ancestors  of  members  back  to  the 
period  of  the  Revolution  for  future  generations.  It  has 
already  become  very  difficult  in  many  cases  to  trace 
descent  from  a  Revolutionary  ancestor  and  will  be- 
come more  difficult  in  each  succeeding  generation. 

The  Society  encourages  continued  public  interest  in 
the  men  and  events  of  the  American  Revolution. 

It  teaches  patriotism  and  good  citizenship  to  the 
families  and  friends  of  members. 

By  the  wide  distribution  of  leaflets,  printed  in  language 
that  can  be  understood  by  all,  teaches  the  millions 
of  aliens  in  the  United  States  what  the  Nation  stands 
for,  what  it  means  for  them  to  become  a  part  of  the 
body  politic  and  to  participate  in  the  duties  and  respon- 
sibilities of  active  citizens. 

Qualifications  for  Membership. 
(See  Article  III  of  the  Constitution  on  page  72.) 


71 


CONSTITUTION 

OF  THE 

CALIFORNIA  SOCIETY 

OF  THE 

SONS  of  The  AMERICAN  REVOLUTION 

PREAMBLE. 

California  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution.  Instituted  October  22nd,  1875.  The  first 
body  in  inception,  institution  and  organization,  to  unite 
the  descendants  of  Revolutionary  patriots  and  perpetu- 
ate the  memory  of  all  those  who  took  part  in  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution  and  maintained  the  Independence  of 
the  United  States  of  America.  It  was  fully  and  com- 
pletely organized  on  the  4th  of  July,  1876,  under  the 
name  of  "Sons  of  Revolutionary  Sires."  On  the  30th 
of  April,  1889,  a  number  of  similiar  co-equal  Societies 
of  different  States  formed  a  general  Society  under  the 
name  of  "The  National  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the 
American  Revolution,"  in  which  movement  this 
Society  heartily  co-operated  and  changed  its  name  to 
the  California  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution,  under  which  latter  name  it  has  been  since 
known. 

ARTICLE  I. 

Name. 

Section  1.  The  name  of  this  Society  shall  be  "The 
California  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution." 

ARTICLE  II. 

Objects. 

Section  1.  The  objects  of  this  Society  shall  be  to 
unite  and  promote  fellowship  among  the  descendants, 
and  perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  men  who  by  their 
services  or  sacrifices  during  the  War  of  the  American 
Revolution  achieved  the  independence  of  the  American 


7Z 


people;  to  inspire  among  the  members  of  this  Society 
and  the  community  at  large  a  more  profound  reverence 
for  the  principles  of  the  Government  founded  by  our 
forefathers ;  to  encourage  historical  research  in  relation 
to  the  American  Revolution ;  to  acquire  and  preserve  the 
records  of  the  individual  services  of  Revolutionary 
patriots,  and  documents,  relics  and  landmarks  connected 
with  the  War;  to  mark  the  scenes  of  the  Revolution  by 
appropriate  memorials ;  to  celebrate  the  anniversaries 
of  the  prominent  events  of  the  War ;  to  maintain  and 
extend  the  institutions  of  American  Freedom;  and  to 
carry  out  the  injunctions  of  Washington  in  his  fare- 
well address  to  the  American  people. 

ARTICLE  III. 
Membership. 

Section  1,  Any  man  shall  be  eligible  to  membership 
in  this  Society  who,  being  of  the  age  of  21  years  or 
over,  and  a  citizen  of  good  repute  in  the  community, 
is  the  lineal  descendant  of  an  ancestor  who,  while  at 
all  times  unfailing  in  his  loyalty,  rendered  actual  serv- 
ice in  the  cause  of  American  Independence,  either 
as  an  officer,  soldier,  seaman,  marine,  militiaman  or 
minute-man,  in  the  armed  forces  of  the  Continental  Con- 
gress or  of  any  one  of  the  several  Colonies  or  States ; 
or  as  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  or 
as  a  member  of  a  Committee  of  Safety  or  Correspond- 
ence; or  as  a  member  of  any  Continental,  Provincial 
or  Colonial  Congress  or  Legislature ;  or  as  a  recognized 
patriot,  who  performed  actual  service  by  overt  acts  of 
rebellion  against  the  authority  of  Great  Britain. 

ARTICLE  IV. 
Officers. 

Section  L  The  officers  of  the  Society  shall  be  a 
President,  a  Senior  Vice-President,  a  Junior  Vice- 
President,  a  Secretary,  a  Treasurer,  a  Registrar,  a 
Historian  and  a  Board  of  Managers,  consisting  of  the 
above  mentioned  and  six  other  members,  who  shall  be 
elected  by  a  vote  of  the  majority  of  the  members  present 
at  the  annual  meeting  of  the   Society,  and  who  shall 


73 


hold  office  for  one  year  or  until  their  successors  shall 
be  elected. 

Section  2.  Delegates  and  alternates  to  the  Congress 
of  the  National  Society  shall  be  elected  at  the  same 
meeting. 

ARTICLE  V. 
Meetings. 

Section  1.  The  regular  annual  meeting  of  the  So- 
ciety shall  be  held  on  the  nineteenth  day  of  April  of 
each  year  for  the  transaction  of  general  business  and 
for  the  election  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  who 
shall  hold  office  for  one  year  or  until  their  successors 
shall  be  elected.  Fifteen  members  shall  constitute  a 
quorum  at  any  regular  or  special  meeting. 

Section  2.  Special  meetings  may  be  called  by  the 
President  or  Board  of  Managers  at  any  time. 

Section  3.  The  President  shall  call  a  special  meet- 
ing whenever  requested  in  writing  so  to  do  by  five  or 
more  members. 

Section  4.  No  business  shall  be  transacted  at  any 
special  meeting  excepting  that  for  which  the  meeting 
was  called,  unless  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  the  members 
present. 

ARTICLE  VI. 
Amendments. 

Section  1.  Amendments  to  this  Constitution  must  be 
submitted  in  writing  at  a  regular  or  special  meeting  of 
the  Society,  but  shall  not  be  acted  upon  until  the  next 
or  a  subsequent  meeting. 

Section  2.  A  copy  of  every  proposed  amendment 
shall  be  sent  to  each  member,  with  a  notice  of  the 
meeting  at  which  the  same  is  to  be  acted  upon,  at 
least  two  weeks  prior  to  said  meeting. 

Section  3.  A  vote  of  two-thirds  of  those  present 
shall  be  necessary  to  the  adoption  of  any  amendment. 


74 

BY-LAWS 

ARTICLE  I. 

Admission  of  Members. 

Section  1.  All  applications  for  membership  in  this 
Society  shall  be  made  in  duplicate  upon  blanks  pre- 
scribed by  the  National  Society,  to  which  the  applicant 
shall  have  made  oath  that  the  statements  of  his  appli- 
cation are  true  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge  and  belief, 
and  shall  be  accompanied  by  the  membership  fee  which 
shall  be  returned  if  the  applicant  is  not  accepted. 

Section  2.  No  application  for  membership  shall  be 
received  wherein  the  applicant  does  not  clearly  establish 
direct  lineal  descent  from  an  ancestor  who  partici- 
pated in  establishing  American  Independence,  as  re- 
quired by  Article  III  of  the  Constitution. 

Section  3.  Applications  for  membership  shall  be  re- 
ceived by  the  Secretary,  submitted  to  the  Registrar  for 
examination,  and  shall  be  reported  by  the  latter  to  the 
Board  of  Managers  for  action.  When  approved  and 
elected  by  said  Board,  the  applicant  shall  become  a 
member  of  the  Society.  One  copy  of  each  applica- 
tion shall  be  retained  by  the  Registrar  for  preserva- 
tion, and  the  duplicate  forwarded  to  the  Registrar- 
General   of  the   National   Society. 

Section  4.  Honorary  membership  may  be  conferred 
upon  persons  not  eligible  to  membership  in  th?.  Society. 
They  shall  not  be  subject  to  dues  or  entitled  to  vote  or 
hold  office,  but  may  take  part  in  debate  and  be  entitled 
to  the  honors  of  re-unions  and  celebrations. 

ARTICLE  11. 

Fees  and  Dues. 

Section  L  The  membership  fee  shall  be  five  (5) 
dollars.  Members  transferred  from  other  State  So- 
cieties shall  pay  a  membership  fee  of  two  (2)  dollars. 
Members  of  the  Society  of  the  Children  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution  shall  pay  a  membership  fee  of  two  (2) 
dollars. 


75 


Section  2.  The  j^early  dues  shall  he  at  the  rate  of 
twenty-five  (25)  cents  per  month  for  all  members  re- 
siding in  the  counties  of  Marin,  Sonoma,  Napa,  Solano, 
Contra  Costa,  Alameda,  Santa  Clara,  San  Mateo  and  the 
City  and  County  of  San  Francisco.  For  all  other  mem- 
bers the  dues  shall  be  at  the  rate  of  sixteen  and  two- 
thirds  cents  a  month.  Annual  dues  shall  be  paid  in  ad- 
vance to  the  Secretary  on  or  before  the  day  of  the 
annual  election.  Members  of  Local  Chapters  are  ex- 
empt from  paying  dues  directly  to  the  State  Society. 

Section  3.  Any  member  in  arrears  for  dues  for  two 
years  shall  be  liable  to  suspension  and  may  be  dropped 
by  the  Board  of  Managers,  but  may  be  reinstated  on 
payment  of  all  arrearages  and  one  (1)  year's  additional 
dues,  provided  he  has  been  suspended  for  twelve  months 
or  more,  and  provided  there  are  no  charges  imbecoming 
a  gentleman  recorded  against  him  remaining  undeter- 
mined or  determined  finally  against  him.  In  extreme 
cases  the  Board  of  Managers  may,  by  vote,  remit  the 
unpaid  annual  dues  of  a  delinquent  member. 

Section  4.  The  payment  of  fifty  dollars  by  a  member 
at  any  one  time,  or  the  payment  of  annual  dues  for 
twenty-five  consecutive  years  shall  constitute  the  per- 
son paying  such  sum,  a  life  member,  and  he  shall  there- 
after be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  annual  dues. 

Section  5.  Sons  of  those  who  actually  participated  in 
the  War  of  the  Revolution,  and  thereby  assisted  in 
establishing  American  Independence,  as  referred  to  in 
Article  III  of  the  Constitution,  may  be  admitted  to  full 
membe.  hip  in  this  Society  without  payment  of  mem- 
bership fee  or  yearly  dues,  they  having  complied  with 
all  the  other  requirements  of  those  belonging  to  a  later 
generation. 

ARTICLE  III. 

Local  Chapters. 

Section  1.  Whenever  seven  or  more  members  resid- 
ing in  any  county  of  the  State  of  California  shall  make 
application  to  be  chartered  as  a  local  Chapter  in  such 
county,  the  President  may  grant  such  application  there- 
by creating  such  Chapter,  to  be  designated  by  any  name 


1(> 


embodied  in  the  application.  Such  Chapter  may  re- 
ceive as  active  members,  any  member  of  the  State 
Society  who  may  reside  in  the  county  where  the  same 
is  organized,  and  as  honorary  members  any  members 
of  the  order,  and  no  other  person  shall  be  permitted 
to  become  a  member  of  any  Chapter.  Every  Chapter 
shall  elect  a  President,  Vice-President,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  and  such  other  officers  as  may  be  provided 
by  its  By-Laws.  It  may  adopt  such  By-Laws  as  it  may 
deem  best,  not  inconsistent  with  the  Constitution  and 
By-Laws  of  the  State  or  National  Societies.  But  no 
such  By-Laws  shall  have  any  binding  force  until  they 
shall  have  received  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Man- 
agers of  this  Society,  duly  certified  in  writing  by  the 
State   President  and   Secretary. 

Section  2.  No  application  for  membership  in  the 
State  Society  from  any  person  residing  within  the 
jurisdiction  of  any  Chapter  shall  be  acted  upon  by  the 
Board  of  Managers  of  this  Society  until  the  same  has 
been  referred  to  the  officers  of  such  Chapter  and  been 
recommended  by  them;  but  if  such  recommendation  is 
refused,  the  Board  of  Managers  may  nevertheless  ap- 
prove of  the  application  if  it  deems  best  so  to  do,  but 
the  applicant  shall  not  thereby  become  a  member  of 
the  Chapter.  All  applicants  for  membership  who  shall 
receive  recommendation  of  a  local  Chapter  as  hereto- 
fore prescribed,  and  shall  have  been  elected  to  member- 
ship by  the  Board  of  Managers  of  this  Society,  shall 
thereby  become  members  of  the  Chapter  recommending 
them. 

Section  3.  Members  of  local  Chapters  shall  pay  to 
their  Chapters  such  dues  as  the  By-Laws  of  such  Chap- 
ter may  provide,  but  the  membership  fee  shall  be  paid 
to  the  State  Society. 

Section  4.  Each  local  Chapter  shall  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  January  of  each  year  send  a  report 
of  its  membership  to  the  State  Society,  which  report 
shall  show  the  number  of  members  of  such  Chapter  in 
good  standing  upon  the  first  day  of  January,  and  like- 
wise the  names  of  all  persons  who  have  become  de- 
linquent during  the  past  year.  All  such  reports  shall  be 
accompanied  by  a  sum  of  money  equal  to  $1.50  for  each 


n 


member  in  good  standing  in  the  Chapter  as  shown  by 
such  report.  A  failure  to  forward  the  report  herein 
referred  to,  together  with  the  money  required,  before 
the  holding  of  the  annual  meeting  of  this  Society  upon 
the  nineteenth  day  of  April  shall  be  sufficient  cause  for 
revoking  the  Charter  of  the  Chapter  failing  so  to  do. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

Duties  of  the  Officers. 
President. 

Section  1.  The  President,  or  in  his  absence  the 
Senior  Vice-President,  or  in  his  absence  the  Junior 
Vice-President,  or  in  his  absence  a  Chairman  pro  tem- 
pore, shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  the  Society  and 
of  the  Board  of  Managers.  He  shall  enforce  a  strict 
observance  of  the  Constitution  and  By-Laws,  and  per- 
form such  other  duties  as  custom  and  parliamentary 
usage  may  require.  The  rules  contained  in  Robert's 
Rules  of  Order  shall  govern  the  parliamentary  usage  of 
the   Society. 

Secretary. 

Section  2.  The  Secretary  shall  receive  all  moneys 
from  the  members  and  all  other  sources  and  pay  them 
over  to  the  Treasurer,  taking  his  receipt  for  the  same. 
He  shall  conduct  the  general  correspondence  of  the  So- 
ciety, shall  have  charge  of  the  seal,  certificate  of  in- 
corporation, By-Laws  and  records,  and,  together  with 
the  presiding  officer,  shall  certify  all  acts  of  the  Society. 

He  shall  keep  fair  and  accurate  records  of  all  pro- 
ceedings and  orders  of  the  Society,  and  shall  give  notice 
to  the  several  officers  of  all  votes,  orders,  resolutions 
or  proceedings  affecting  them  or  appertaining  to  their 
respective  duties. 

He  shall  notify  all  members  of  their  election,  and 
shall,  under  the  direction  of  the  President,  give  due 
notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  all  meetings  of  the 
Society  and  attend  the  same. 

He  shall  keep  a  true  account  of  his  receipts  and 
payments   and   of   the   accounts   of   the   members   with 


78 


the  Society,  and  at  each  annual  meeting  shall  report 
the  same,  at  which  time  a  committee  shall  be  appointed 
to  audit  his  accounts. 

Treasurer. 

Section  3.  The  Treasurer  shall  receive  from  the 
Secretary  all  moneys  belonging  to  the  Society,  giving 
him  receipt  for  same;  these  moneys  shall  be  deposited 
in  a  reliable  bank  or  savings  institution  in  the  City  of 
San  Francisco,  to  be  designated  by  the  Board  of  Man- 
agers, to  the  credit  of  "The  California  Society  of  the 
Sons  of  the  American  Revolution,"  and  shall  be  drawn 
out  on  the  check  of  the  Treasurer  for  the  use  of  the 
Society  only,  as  directed  by  vote  of  the  Society  or  by 
the  Board  of  Managers,  upon  the  order  of  the  Secretary 
and  the  certificate  of  the  President,  He  shall  keep  a 
true  account  of  his  receipts  and  payments  and  at  each 
annual  meeting  shall  report  the  same,  at  which  time  a 
committee  shall  be  appointed  to  audit  his  accounts. 

Registrar. 

Section  4.  The  Registrar  shall  keep  a  roll  of  mem- 
bers, and  in  his  hands  shall  be  lodged  all  proofs  of  mem- 
bership qualifications,  and  the  historical  and  genealog- 
ical papers — manuscript  or  otherwise ,  of  which  the 
Society  may  become  possessed;  and  under  the  direction 
of  the  Board  of  Managers  shall  keep  copies  of  such 
similiar  documents  as  the  owners  thereof  may  not  be 
willing  to  leave  permanently  in  the  keeping  of  the 
Society.  He  shall  receive  all  applications  for  member- 
ship and  proofs  of  membership  qualifications  from  the 
Secretary,  shall  carefully  scrutinize  and  verify  all  state- 
ments of  the  Revolutionary  service  of  ancestors  that 
may  be  made  in  the  application  and  shall  report  his 
findings  in  each  case  to  the   Board  of  Managers. 

Historian. 

Section  45^.  The  duties  of  the  Historian  shall  be  to 
obtain  copies  of  addresses  delivered  before  the  Society; 
to  obtain  material  for  obituaries  of  deceased  members, 
and  to  publish  the  same  when  directed  by  the  Board  of 
Managers,  and  any  other  duties  appropriate  to  the  office. 


79 


Board  of  Managers. 

Section  5.  The  Board  of  Managers  shall  judge  of 
the  qualifications  of  the  candidates  for  admission  to  the 
Society  and  elect  the  same,  two  negative  votes  rejecting 
the  applicant. 

They  shall  recommend  plans  for  promoting  the  ob- 
jects of  the  Society,  shall  digest  and  prepare  business 
and  shall  authorize  the  disbursement  and  expenditure  of 
unappropriated  money  in  the  treasury  for  the  payment 
of  current  expenses  of  the  Society.  They  shall  gen- 
erally superintend  the  interests  of  the  Society,  and  per- 
form all  such  duties  as  may  be  committed  to  them  by 
the  Society. 

They  shall  have  power  to  fill  any  vacancy  occuring 
or  existing  in  the  Board  of  Managers,  and  an  officer  so 
appointed  shall  act  until  the  following  annual  election 
or  until  his  successor  shall  be  chosen. 

Quorum. 

Section  6.  At  all  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Managers 
five  or  more  shall  be  sufficient  for  the  transaction  of 
business. 

ARTICLE  V. 

Seal. 

Section  1.  The  seal  of  this  Society  shall  be  the  same 
as  that  of  the  National  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the 
American  Revolution,  organized  April  30th,  1889,  with 
the  addition  of  an  inner  circle,  three-sixteenths  of  an 
inch  wide,  bearing  the  following  legend:  "California 
Society,  S.  A.  R.,  organized  July  4th,  1876." 


ARTICLE  VI. 

Amendments. 

Section  1.  Amendments  to  these  By-Laws  must  be 
made  in  the  same  manner  as  provided  for  amendments 
to  the  Constitution  in  Article  VI. 


80 


EX-PRESiDENTS    OF    CALIFORNIA    SOCIETY 
SONS  OF  THE  AMERICAN   REVOLUTION. 

Temporary  President: 

DB.  JAMES  L.  COGSWELL, 
October    22,    1875,    to    July   4,    1876. 

Presidents: 

♦ALBERT    M.    WINN, 
July  4,   1876,  to  October  19,   1881. 

♦CALEB   T.    FAY, 
October  19,   1881,  to  July  5,   1882. 

♦AUGUSTUS    C.    TAYLOR, 
July  5,   1882,  to  July  9,  1884. 

♦LORING  PICKERING, 
July  9,   1884,  to  July  5,   1886. 

♦ADOLPHUS    S.    HUBBARD, 
July    5,    1886,    to    February   22,    1892. 

•ADMIRAL  JOHN   W.   MOORE,   U.   S.   N., 
February    22,    1892,    to    February    22,    1893. 

•GEN.  J.  ESTCOURT  SAWYER,  U.  S.  A., 

February  22,   18^3,  to   February  22,   1894. 

♦CHARLES   J.    KING, 
February  22,  1894,  to  February  22,  1895. 

COL.  EDWARD  HUNTER,  U.  S.  A.,  Retired, 
February  22,  1895,  to  February  22,  1896. 

♦HON.   ELISHA  W.   McKINSTRY, 
February  22,  1896,  to  January  12,  1897. 

♦SIDNEY  MASON  SMITH, 
January  12,   1897,  to  January  11,   1898. 

COL.  JOHN  C.   CURRIER, 
January  11,  1898,  to  January  10,   1899. 

♦HON.    HORACE   DAVIS, 

January  10,   1899,  to  January  9,   1900. 

Elected   Vice-President   General,    May   1,    1901. 

WM.    MITCHELL    BUNKER, 
January  9,   1900,   to  January  8,   1901. 

HON.   WM.   H.   JORDAN, 
January  8,    1901,  to  January   14,    1902. 


Deceased. 


81 


WM.  J.   BUTTON, 

January  14,   1902,  to  January  13,   1903. 

•GILES   H.   GRAY, 
January   13,   1903,  to  January  12,   1904. 

*COL.  ALFRED  D.  CUTLER, 

January  12,  1904,  to  January  10,  1905. 

Elected  Vice-President  General,  May   1,   1904, 

♦ALEXANDER   G.   EELLS, 
January   10,   1905,  to  January  9,   1906. 

EDWARD  MILLS  ADAMS, 
January  9,   1906,  to  January  8,   1907. 

*HON.  JOHN  A.  HOSMER, 

January  8,   1907,  to  May   1,   1907. 

(Died   in   office.) 

»PELHAM  W.  AMES, 

May    1,    1907,    to    January    14,    1908. 

Elected  Vice-President  General,  June  4,  1907. 

GEO.  C.  SARGENT, 

January  14,  1908,  to  April  19,  1909. 
Elected  Vice-President  General,   May   1,   1909 

RICHARD  M.  SIMS, 

April   19,   1909,  to  April   19,   1910. 

Elected  Vice-President  General,  May  3,  1910. 

THOMAS  A.  PERKINS, 
April  19,  1910,  to  April  19,  1911. 

ORVILLE    D.    BALDWIN, 

April   19,   1911,  to  April   19,   1912. 

Elected  Vice-President  General,  May  21,  1912. 

ANDREW  J.   VINING, 

April   19,   1912,  to  April   18,   1913. 

HARRIS  C.   CAPWELL, 
April   18,   1913,  to  April  20,   1914. 

J.    MORA    MOSS, 
April  20,   1914,  to  April   19,   1915. 

CHARLES  H.   BLINN, 
April   19,    1915,  to  April   19,    1916. 

RAWLINS    CADWALLADER, 

April    19,    1916,   to  April   19,    1917. 


Deceased. 


82 


OFFICERS  and   BOARD  OF   MANAGERS 

OF  THE  SOCIETY 

Fop  the  Year  Ending  April  19,  1918 

President ERNEST   J.   MOTT 

Senior  Vice-President THOS.  M.  EARL 

Junior  Vice-President WM.  P.  HUMPHREYS 

Secretary  and  Registrar ...THOMAS  A.  PERKINS 

Mills-  Building,  San  Francisco 

Treasurer JOHN     C.     CURRIER 

Historian EDMUND  D.  SHORTLIDGE 

HARRIS  S.  ALLEN  ALONZO  G.   McFARLAND 

FRED  L.  BERRY  HOWARD  G.  STEVENSON 

FRANK  S.  BRITTAIN  DONZEL  STONEY 


SAN    DIEGO  CHAPTER  No.  2. 
Membership  28. 

President H.  R.  FAY 

First    Vice  President CHAS.    S.    GURLEY 

Second   Vice-President  H.   R.   COMLY 

Secretary    ALLEN    H.    WRIGHT 

Treasurer   F.    P.   REED 

Historian    ....FRED    B.    BAKER 

Registrar   P.   W.    ROSS 

Marshal R.   B.   BRYAK 


83 


ROLL  OF  MEMBERS 


Where    no    city    or    town    is    given    the    residence    is    in    San 
Francisco. 

Where  no  state  is  given  the  city  or  town  is  in  California. 

ABBOTT,   CARL   H 1102   Broadway,   Oakland 

ABBOTT,  GRANVILLE  D 25  Crocker  Ave.,  Piedmont 

ADAMS,    EDWARD   M 2731    Pine   St. 

ADAMS,   HENRY  H 140  Geary   St. 

ADSIT,  HENRY  B 4051  Alameda  Drive,  San  Diego 

ALDRICH,    HUGH   S Box   285,    Hayward 

ALEXANDER,  WALLAC7B  M Alaska  Commercial  Bldg. 

ALLEN,     DR.     CHAS.     LEWIS 

605   Pacific    Electric   Bldg.,    Los   Angeles 

ALLEN,  CHAS.  L.,  JR 

214   Andrews    Boulevard,    Los  Angeles 

ALLEN,   CHARLES  R 119  Chronicle  Bldg. 

ALLEN,   EDWARD   T 607   Monadnock   Bldg. 

ALLEN,  HARRIS  S 955  Clayton  St. 

AMES,    ALDEN    Mills    Bldg. 

ANDERSON,     ROSCOE    J Redding 

ARROWSMITH,    GEO.    E 127   Russ   Bldg. 

•AUSTIN,  CHAS.  G P.  O.  Box  111,  Sawtelle 

AUSTIN,  WM.  W 5352  Scott  St.,   San  Diego 

BABCOCK,    GEO.    R 2010    E.    28th    St.,    Oakland 

BACKUS,   GEN.   SAMUEJL  W 1107  Jones   St. 

BAILEY,  GEO.   H 23rd  and  Louisiana  Sts. 

BAILEY,  HERBERT  W 509  Alaska  Commercial  Bldg. 

BAKER,    FREDERICK Point   Loma 

BALDWIN,  MARSHALL  S 5910  Dover  St.,  Oakland 

BALDWIN,    ORVILLE   D 1000   Green   St. 

BARNEY,  CHAS.  R 2718  Webster  St. 

BARRETT,   Webb   W 181   Divisadero   St. 

BARTHOLOMEW,  JAS.  H.  S Masonic  Home,  Decoto 

BARTLETT,  WILLIAM  A...405  E.  Pasadena  Ave.,  Pomona 

BATES,    GEO.    W San    Rafael 

BEAVER,  FRED  H 505  Shreve  Bldg. 

BECK,  CHAS.   C 1555  Alice  St.,  Oakland 

BEKEART,   PHIL.   B 717  Market   St. 

BEKEART,    PHIL.    K Fairmont   Hotel 

BELCHER,  EDWARD  A Union  League  Club 

BENNETT,  ROBT.  H Room  246,  65  Market  St. 

BERRY,  FRED  L 754  Lake  St. 

BERRY,    JOHN  R 1045   Eighth   St.,    San   Diego 

BITHER,  BENJAMIN  J 1630  Josephine  St.,  Berkeley 

BITHER,  SUTLIFFE,  H 1819  Rose  St.,  Berkeley 

BITHER,  THOMAS  A 1810  Rose  St.,  Berkeley 

BIXBY,    DR.    EDWARD  M Shreve   Bldg. 

BLANCHARD,  CLYDE  1 150  Post  St. 

BLANCHARD,    NATHAN   W Santa    Paula 

BLANKINSHIP,  JOS.  W 2525  Hilgard  Ave..  Berkeley 


84 


BLINN,   CHAS  H 100  Edgewood  Ave. 

BLODGETT,    DR.    WALTER    L Calistoga 

BLOOD,  DR.  JOHN  N 440  Geary  St. 

BOARDMAN,  SAMUEL  H 350  California  St. 

BOARDMAN,   THOMAS  D ^.3022  aay   St. 

BODLEY,  THOMAS 339  N.  Srd  St.,  San  Jose 

BOGGS',  WM.   S California  State  Bank,   San  Bernardino 

BOSSON,    CHAS.    L 326    O'Farrell    St. 

BRADBURY,   EDSON 1719  Pacific  Ave. 

BRADLEY,  CHAS.  H 2003  Oakland  Ave.,  Piedmont 

BRADLEY,    WALTER    W 

State  Mining  Bureau,   Ferry  Bldg. 

BRADY,  SAMUEL  H Reno,  Nev. 

BREED,  ARTHUR  H 

Oakland   Bank  of   Savings   Bldg.,   Oakland 

BREWER,  RETV.  WM.  A Burlingame 

BRIDGE,  DR.  NORMAN Security  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles 

BRITTAIN,  FRANK  S 80  Cerritos  Ave. 

BROMLEY,    DR.    ROBT.    I Sonora 

BROMLEY,  ROSCOE  P 336  34th   St.,   Oakland 

BROOKS,    GEO.    W 550    Sacramento    St. 

BROWN,  FRANK  L 115  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

BROWN,  DR.  PHILLIP  KING Union  Square  Bldg. 

BROWN,  ROBT.  T 1196  O'Farrell  St. 

BRUSH,  REV.  FRANK  S 1929  Eldwado  Ave.,  Berkeley 

BRYAN,   CAPT.   ROGER  B San  Diego 

BRYANT,    CALHOUN 1661   Octavia   St. 

BUCHER,   CARROLL  S Alaska  Commercial  Bldg. 

BUCKLEY,   HENRY 1217  Jones  St. 

BUNKER,   HENRY   C Merchants   Exchange   Bldg. 

BUNKER,  WM.   M 708  Broderick  St. 

BURBECK,  EDWARD  M 2352  First  St.,  San  Diego 

BURDELL,  JAMES  B Novato,  Marin  County 

BURNHAM,   DR.   CLARK  J Bushnell  Place,   Berkeley 

BURROUGHS,   HECTOR  R 

452  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

BURTON,  HENRY 2507  Pine  St. 

CADWALLADER,  RAWLINS',  Captain  U.  S.  R.,  Ma- 
sonic Ambulance  Corps. 1035  Geary  St. 

CAMPBELL,  JOHN  M Coalinga 

CAPWELL,  HARRIS  C 14th  and  Oay  Sts.,  Oakland 

CARPENTER,    FORD   A „ 

U.    S.    Weather    Bureau,    Los    Angeles 

CARPENTER,  FRANK  L 2820  College  Ave.,  Berkeley 

CHENERY,  LEONARD 210  California  St. 

CHRISTIE,   WALLACE  H -Atlas  Bldg. 

CLARK,  ASA  M South  and  Center  Sts.,  Stockton 

CLARK,  CURRAN Russ  Bldg. 

CLARK,    HORACE    S 

c/o  Westinghouse  Air  Brake  Co.,  Pacific  Bldg. 

CLOUD,  ROY  W Redwood  City 

COHEN,  HARTWIG  A 2218  Clay  St. 

COLE,   FOSTER  P 

Sterling  Furniture  Co.,   1049  Market   St. 

COLLIER,  ROBT.  H 1019  Vallejo  St. 

COMLY,  HARRY  R „ 4505  Falcon  St.,  San  Diego 


85 


COMLY.  HARRY  S 4505  Falcon  St.,  San  Diego 

CONDICT,   HENRY  F 1705  H  St..   Bakersfleld 

CONMY,  JOHN  C -. 2136  Scott  St. 

COOPER,  ALEX.  B _ 333  Grant  Ave. 

CORNISH,  FRANCIS  V „ 525  Market  St. 

COX,  EDWIN  E 2512  Etna  St.,  Berkeley 

CRANE,   ALPHONSE Box   286,    Santa  Barbara 

CROCKER,  CHAS.  T 803  Shreve  BIdff. 

CROCKER,  WM.  H Crocker  National  Bank 

CROW,  HENRY  D 617  34th  St.,  Oakland 

CURRIE,  DR.  DONALD  H 822  Clayton  St. 

CURRIER,  COL.  JOHN  C 333  Kearny  St. 

CUSHING,  HENRY  D 1737  Telegraph  Ave.,  Oakland 

CUTTING,  LEWIS  M 15  North  Hunter  St.,  Stockton 

DAM.  FRANCIS  H 945  Pacific  Bldg. 

DAVIS,   ELLIOTT  B 600  Standard  Oil  Bldg. 

DAY,   HORACE  B Home  Tel.   Co.,   San  Diego 

DEMING,  HENRY  S Santa  Cruz 

DENNISON,  LEONIDAS  R 729  Mills  Building 

DENNISON,  WALTER  E..-2150  Santa  Clara  Ave.,  Alameda 

DERBY,    DR.    ALBERT    T Butler    Bldg. 

DEUPREY,   HILLYER Reno,   Nevada 

DIMOND.    EDWIN  R 310   Sansome  St. 

DINSMORE.  DUDLEY  F 524  S.  Ninth  St..  San  Jose 

DINSMORE,  REV.  JOHN  W 548  S.  9th  St.,  San  Jose 

DINSMORE,  PAUL  A 18  King  Ave.,  Piedmont 

DIXON,   GEO.   P 174   Liberty   St. 

DOBIE,    CHAS.    C 642   Washington    St. 

DOBIE,    CLARENCE   W 706   Market    St. 

DODSON,  ALONZO  E 3848  Third  St.,  San  Diego 

DORR,  DR.  LEVI  L Claus  Spreckels  Bldg. 

DOWLER,  HERBERT  C Box  493,  Tonopah,  Nevada 

DOZIER,  THOMAS  B 2514  Green  St. 

DROWN,  WILLARD  N CaJIfornia  Pacific  Bldg. 

DRUMMOND,  FITZ-HENRY  W...345  Laurel  St.,  San  Diego 

DUTTON,  GRAYSON 401  California  St. 

DUTTON,    HENRY   S 

c/o   City   St.    Imp.    Co.,    166   Geary   St. 

DUTTON,  ROBT.  M.,  Major  U.  S.  M.  C...401  California  St. 
DUTTON,  WM.  J 401  California  St. 

EARL,  THOMAS  M 2823  Benvenue  Ave.,  Berkeley 

EDWARDS,    VANCE    P 1069    Church    St. 

ELDREDGE,    ZOETH   S 2621    Divisadero   St. 

ELLERY,    WILLIAM 585    Market    St. 

ELLIS,    CLYDE    G Bakersfield 

ELLIS,   ROBT Pleasanton 

ELSEFFER,  JOHN  H 1245  11th  St.,  San  Diego 

EMMONS',  JOSEPH  E _ 2400  Geary  St. 

EVERETT.    CHAS.    C 357   12th   St.,   Oakland 

EVERSON,  WALL  ACE  J 357  Twelfth  St.,  Oakland 

FARNUM,  JOHN  E Hayward 

FAIRBANK,    HERBERT   A Acampo 

FAY,   HERBERT  R 3709   Utah  St.,   San  Diego 

FERNALD,   REGINALD   G Santa  Barbara 


86 


FIELD,   HERBERT  D 3026   Date  St.,   San  Diego 

FIELD,  WM,  P 10  Mercaderes  St.,  Havana,  Cuba 

FINCH,  WM.  H 1421  Broadway,  Oakland 

FLETCHER,  WALTER  K Redwood  City 

FLINT,    THOMAS 482    South    St.,    Hollister 

FLOOD,  DR.  ARTHUR  M 240  Stockton  St. 

FORBES,   JOHN   B Mill  Valley 

FORBES,    JOHN    F Crocker    Bldg. 

FORCE,  DR.  JACOB  F 651  S.  Pasadena  Ave.,  Pasadena 

FOSTER,  EDWIN  L Anderson  Bldg.,  Bakersfield 

FRANKLIN,   NATHANIEL   K Tonopah,   Nevada 

FRENCH,   ROBT.   E ....1840  9th  Ave.,   Oakland 

FRI&BEE,  JEROME  B Captain  U.  S.  A.,  Lindsay 

FULFORD,    WM.    G 

Mission  and  Beale  Sts.,  c/o  W.  P.  Fuller  Co. 

FULLER,   CLIFFORD  A 

Hotel    Cumberland,    Los   Angeles 

GARDNER,   JOHN  E 1130    Shattuck  Ave.,    Berkeley 

GASKILL,   HERBERT  D 39  Parkway  Ave.,   Piedmont 

GASKILL,   DR.   PERCY  D 

Lancaster,   Los  Angeles  County 

GIBSON,  ELKANAH  M 

First  National  Bank  Bldg.,   Oakland 

GILLSON,    GEO.    B 1590   California  St. 

GOLD9BOROUGH,    WM.    T.,    1st    Lieut.    Aviation 

Corps,  U.  S.  R First  National  Bank  Building 

GOODMAN,    HARVEY   P Napa 

GOSS,    P,    BONTECON Sheridan,    Placer   County 

GRAY,   THEODORE 2540  Benvenue  Ave.,   Berkeley 

GREEN,  DONALD  

....National  Lead  Co.,  Merchants  Exchange  Bldg. 

GREENE,  CHAS.   S Oakland  Free  Library,  Oakland 

GRIFFIN,  ANDREW  G 16  California  St. 

GRIFFITH,  FRED  T 352  Wilcox  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles 

GROW,    ARTEMAS    L Sawtelle 

CURLEY,  CHAS.   S 1669  Montecito  Way,  San  Diego 

HAINES,  DR.  BYRON  W Elkan  Gunst  Bldg. 

HALE,  CHAS.  E 2430  Bowditch  St.,  Berkeley 

HALE,    MARSHAL 901    Market    St. 

HALL,  FREDERICK  W Crocker  Bldg. 

HALSTED,    JOHN    B Sebastopol 

HALSTED,  WILLIAM  A 1122  Sutter  St. 

HAMILTON,   JEROME 58  B   Sanchez  St. 

HAMILTON,   SIDNEY  

Keystone  Boiler  Works,  Main  and  Folsom  Sts. 

HARDY,   EUGENE  A Box  163,   Orland,   Glenn  Co. 

HARSHBARGER,  ASA  F 1521  Walnut  St.,  Berkeley 

HASKINS,  SAMUEL Custom  House 

HATCH,  JOHN  W 33  Delmar  St. 

HAUPTMAN,   GEO.   D 145  Berry   St. 

HAVEN,    CHAS.    D 52   N.    Morrison  Ave.,    San   Jose 

HAVEN,    THOS.    E Balboa   Bldg. 

HAVENS,  ALBERT  W Room  117,  339  Bush  St. 

HAWK,    ELBRIDGE   L 2204   M   St.,    Sacramento 


87 


HAWKS,   HENRY  D 206  Thos.   Clunie  Bldg. 

HAWKS,  JAMES  L c/o  Bank  of  California 

HAWXHURST,   ROBT 2185  Pacific  Ave. 

HEALD,  CLARENCE  E.,  Capt.  Cal.  Coast  Artillery.... 

1215  Van  Ness  Ave. 

HENSHAW,    TYLER 762    Mills    Bldg. 

HEYWOOD,  JOHN  G 625  Market  St. 

HILLS,   ERNEST   H 252   Collingwood    St. 

HOFFMAN,    CLARENCE  R 1734   Golden   Gate   Ave. 

HOLABIRD,    RUSSELL   D 523   Mission    St. 

HOUGHTON,    HOWARD    C 1005    Hyde    St. 

HUBBARD,    WM.     P Mills    Bldg. 

HUIE,    WM.    H.    T 2670    Green    St. 

HUME.    HERBERT Monterey 

HUME,  JOHN  S L.   C.   Smith  Bldg.,   Seattle,  Wash. 

HUME,   JOSEPH  W 1050   Lombard    St. 

HUMPHREYS,   WM.   P „ 58   Sutter   St. 

HUNT,    GEO.    ELLIOTT 210   Post    St. 

HUNTINGTON,  RALPH  S 510  Marin  St.,  Vallejo 

HUNTINGTON,     RICHARD    J 

482   Burnsride   St.,    Portland,   Ore. 

HURLBUT,    HOWARD    R 907    Noe    St. 

HUSSEY,  WALLACE  M 215  San  Carlos  Ave.,  Piedmont 

HUTCHINSON,  CHAS.   T 420  Market  St. 

HYATT,   WM.   H 58   SMtter  St. 

JACKSON,   EDWIN  R 248  Ridgeway  Ave.,   Oakland 

JENKS,  LIVINGSTON 57  Post  St. 

JOHNSON,    CHAS 1905   Virginia   St.,    Berkeley 

JORDAN,    WM.    H Monadnock    Bldg, 

KELLEY,    CHAS.    A 701    Third    St.,    Petaluma 

KENDALL,    FRANK    1 919    Sixth    St.,    San    Diego 

KIMBALL,    ROY   T 1230   Geary   St. 

KING,  JOSEPH  L 2301  Scott  St. 

KNIGHT,  ALLEN 502  California  St. 

LAMOTTE,  ROBT.  S.  JR San  Anselmo 

LATHROP,   LELAND  STANFORD Belvedere 

LEACH,    ABE    P Pleasanton 

LEACH,   FRANK  A.   JR Box   426,   Oakland 

LEET,   ROBT.   A 145   Athol  Ave.,   Oakland 

LEVENSALER,    CALEB 1205    Bay    St.,    Alameda 

LEVENSALER,    JAMES   A 681   Market   St. 

LEVENSALER,  JOSEPH  B Lakeport 

LEVENSALER,   JOSEPH   G 3409   Pacific  Ave. 

LEVENSALER,    WM.    M 265    Jayne    Ave.,    Oakland 

LEWIS,    FESTUS   C Fowler,   Fresno  Co. 

LOCKWOOD,    BENJ'.    C San    Diego 

LOCKWOOD,    EDMUND San   Diego 

LORD,  VINE  D.,  Sergeant  U.  S.  R Cando,  N.  D. 

LOVELAND,    HARVEY    D 833    Market    St. 

LUTZ,  RALPH  H 2nd  Lieut.  U.  S.  R.,  Linda  Vista 

MACE,  DR.  LEWIS  S 240  Stockton  St. 

MARDIS,    JAS.    R.    L Box    321,    Winnemucca.    Nevada 


MARSH,  FRED  D 2774  Union  St. 

MARSH,  JAMES  B 2710  California  St. 

MARSHALL,  W.  F 140  Geary  St. 

MARSTON,  FRANK  W 244  Kearny  St. 

MARSTON,   GEO.   W 3501   Seventh  St.,   San  Diego 

MARSTON,  SAMUEL  1 2016  San  Antonio  Ave.,  Alameda 

MARTIN,  CHAS.  D Merced 

MARTIN,  GEO.  A Grand  Ave.,  San  Rafael 

MARVIN,  HARVEY  A _ 750  Sansome  St. 

MARVIN,  HARVEY  LE  F 1230  Geary  St. 

MASON,    ALONZO 2364   Vallejo   St. 

MASTICK,  SEABURY  C 2  Rector  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

MATHEWS,    VICTOR   E „ 80   Post   St. 

MAUZY,    BYRON 250   Stockton  St. 

MAXWELL,  WM.   C 509  Highland  Ave.,   San  Matee 

MACPHBRSON,    FITZHUGH    

Alaska  Packers  Association,  85  Second  St. 

McCLELLAN,  CLIFFORD....- _ Hobart  Bldg. 

McEWEN,    GEO.    F La    Jolla 

McEWEN,  JNO.  A 210  California  St. 

McFARLAND,   ALONZO  G 2464  Broadway 

McGEE,   STEWART  T 1635  Julia  St.,   South  Berkeley 

McHENRY,    REYNOLDS    ....2210    Ellsworth    St.,    Berkeley 

Mcintosh,   miles   W 1028   Monadnock  Bldg. 

McKINSTRY,    JAMES   C 1211    Flood    Bldg. 

Mcknight,  robt.  w 522  21st  Ave. 

McLean,  Arthur  L Hotel  Cloyne  Court,  Berkeley 

MCLEAN,  DR.  ROBT.  A Hotel  Cloyne  Court,  Berkeley 

MELVIN,    HON.    HENRY   A Wells    Fargo   Bldg. 

MERRILL,    GEO.    A 

Cal.  School  Mech.  Arts,  16th  and  Utah  Sts. 

MILLER,    JAS.    B Sonora 

MITCHELL,    STANISLAUS  C 

2745  Elmwood  Ave.,  Berkeley 

MITCHELL,    WILLIE    L Napa 

MONNETTB,    ORRA    E 

^ 308  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles 

MONTELL,  GEO.  A 151  Rigg  St.,  Santa  Cruz 

MOODY,  FRED  S 711  Kohl  Bldg. 

MOORE,  HARRY  T.,  Capt.  U.  S.  R _.„ „ 

- 1744   Franklin   St.,   Oakland 

MOORE,  JOHN  C,  Lieut.  U.  S,  A 

Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 

MORTIMER,  FRANK  C 610  Insurance  Exchange  Bldg. 

MOSS,  DR.  J.  MORA,  1st  Lieut.  U.  S.  R.  Medical  Corps 

_ 930   Green   St. 

MOSSHOLDER,  RUSK  P 2008  5th  St.,  San  Diego 

MOSSHOLDER,    WM.    J 

First  National  Bank  Bldg.,   San  Diego 

MOTT,    ERNEST    J Grant    Bldg. 

MOTT,  GEO.  M 1516  Hawthorn  Terrace,  Berkeley 

MUNSELL,    JAS.    R _.. 

First  National  Bank  Bldg.,   Oakland 

MURCH,  LOUIS  A A.merican  Can  Co.,  Mills  Bldg. 


MURGOTTEN,  ALEXANDER  P 

196  South  16th  St.,  San  Jose 

NASON,  ARTHUR  G 413  Montgomery  St. 

NEWBILL,  WILLARD  D.,  Col.  U.  S.  A „Jrvington,  Va. 

NEWC70MB,   BETHEUEL,  M 200  Davis   St. 

NEWKIRK,    DR.    GARRETT _ Pasadena 

NEWTON,    DR.    JOHN   C 291   Geary    St. 

NOBLE,   PATRICK 17th   and   Mississippi   Sts 

NORTH,  ARTHUR  W 108  North  St.,  Walton,  N.  Y. 

NORTH,  HART  H 2414  Prospect  St.,  Berkeley 

NORTON.    DR.    CHARLES   WORTH 

507   Bumiller  Bldg.,   Los  Angeles 

NORTON,    FRANK   B 233    Front    St. 

NORTON,  WM,  W 233   Front  St. 

NOTES',    CHAS.    S 739   Mission    St. 

OLNEY,    J*ESSE Humboldt   Bank   Bldg. 

OLNEY,  WARREN 1236  Merchants  Exchange  Bldg. 

OLNEY,  WARREN,  JR 2702  Dwight  Way,  Berkeley 

OSTROM,    CHAS.    D.    Y.,   Lieut.    U.    S.   A 

_„ Fort  Barrancas,  Fla. 

OSTROM,  DR.  DANIEL  A 818  Fillmore  St. 

OTIS,  FRANK  _ Merchants  Exchange  Bldg. 

OWEN,  WM.   M 5218  Foothill  Boulevard,   Oakland 

PAIGE,    CURTIS  H 1716  Rose   St.,   Berkeley 

PAINTER,    EDGAR 615   Kohl   Bldg. 

PARDEE,  HON.  GEO.  C 672  11th  St.,  Oakland 

PARKER,    CHAS   L 2901   Wheeler   St.,    Berkeley 

PARKER,    KINGSBURY   E..„ „ 2703   Jackson   St. 

PARKHURST,  JNO.  W c/o  Bank  of  California 

PATTERSON,    ERNEST    R 

Western  Meat  Co.,  Sixth  and  Townsend  Sts. 

PATTERSON,  GEO.  H „307  West  98th  St.,  New  York 

PATTON,  CHAS.  L _ 57  Post  St. 

PAYNE,    CHAUNCEY  H 1439   9th   St.,    San   Diego 

PAYSON,    ALBERT   H San   Mateo 

PENDLETON,    BENJ.   H 40   Drumm   St. 

PERINE,    GEO.    M 535    Powell    St. 

PERKINS,  DANIEL  T.  C 2715  Durant  Ave.,  Berkeley 

PERKINS,  HON.  GEO.  C,  Ex-U.  S.  Senator _.... 

Vernon    and    Perkins    Sts.,    Oakland 

PERKINS,    THOS.    A Mills    Bldg. 

POLK,    JAS.    K Kohl   Bldg. 

POND,  JOHN  E.,  Lieut.  Commander  U.  S.  N 

U.  S.  S.  Pittsburg,  care  Postmaster  New  York 

POSTON,    DR.    C.    PARKER 

Union    Savings    Bank    Bldg.,    Oakland 

PRINGLE,   JAS.   R 1286   Merchants  Exchange   Bldg. 

PURVIANCE,   SAMUEL  A.,   Capt.   U.   S.  A.   retired.... 

_ -521  Post  St. 

RAND,  WM,   X,   JR _ Rialto  Bldg. 

RANDALL,    WM,    A _ 2100    Pine    St. 

RECKLESS,   LYNDEN „ 819  Oak  St. 


90 


REDDING,    ALBERT    P Crocker   Bldg. 

REDDING,    JOSEPH    D Crocker   Bldg. 

REED,  FAYETTE  H 1121  Sherman  St.,  Alameda 

REED,  FRANKLIN  P San  Diego 

RICHARDSON,    GEO.    D 

First  National  Bank  Bldg.,   Oakland 

RICHARDSON,   HENRY  D Odd  Fellows  Bldg. 

RINGWALT,  LANSING  M 207  Pacific  Bldg. 

RIXFORD,    EMMET   H 105   Montgomery    St. 

ROCKFORD,     FRANK 135    Faith    St. 

ROGERS',    JAS.    N 2924   Ashby   Ave.,    Berkeley 

ROSE,    DR.    FRANCIS   N _ 2020   Fell    St. 

ROSS,    GEO,    C Redwood   City 

ROSS,    PETE    W San    Diego 

ROWLEY,  HOWARD  C 460  Montgomery  St. 

ROWLEY,  RIDGWAY  L 914  Merchants  Exchange  Bldg. 

RYAN,  EMMONS  B 65  Market  St. 

ST.    JOHN,    CHAUNCEY   M 510   Battery   St. 

SAMPSON,  WM.  R. 1821  Eddy  St. 

SARGENT,    GEO.    C Hobart    Bldg. 

SAWYER,   WM.    F 333   Kearny   St. 

SCHLOSS,  DR.  AARON 601  Butler  Bldg. 

SCOTT,  CLARENCE  S 2701  10th  Ave.,  Oakland 

SCOTT,    EDWARD  H 2842  Woolsey   St.,   Berkeley 

SCOTT,  NATHANIEL  W 561  Lincoln  Ave.,  San  Jose 

SEAVER,    WM.    H 514    Albion    St.,    Oakland 

SHELDON,    FRANK    H West    Suffield,    Conn. 

SHELDON,    FRANK    P Sheldon    Bldg. 

SHEPARD,  ABRAHAM  D 2636  Union  St. 

SHINN,   HOWARD  HILL 339   Bush   St. 

SHORTLIDGE,   DR.   EDMUND  D 209   Post   St. 

SHREVE,    GEO.  W Forsyth   Bldg.,   Fresno 

SHREVE,  WM.  J Novato,  Marin  Co. 

SIBLEY,  REV.  JOS'IAH 2850  Washington  St. 

SIMONS,    CHAS.    J 3536    Stuart    St.,    Denver,    Colorado 

SIMONS,  RICHARD  W 835  Howard  St. 

SIMPSON,  MAURICE  B 916  Clay  St.,  Oakland 

SIMS,  RICHARD  M 464  California  St. 

SMEDBERG,  W.   R.,   JR.,   Captain  U.   S.  A 

Fort  Ethan  Allen,   Vt. 

SMITH,    CHAS.    LEONARD 472    13th    St.,    Oakland 

SMITH,    CLARENCE    H 610    21st    St.,     Sacramento 

SMITH,    FRANCIS   M Syndicate   Bldg.,    Oakland 

SMITH,  HAROLD  E 311  California  St. 

SMITH,  H.  LE  BARRON 101  Post  St. 

SMITH,  LESTER  B 404  East  Alder  St.,  Portland,  Ore. 

SMITH,   SIDNEY  V 2027  California  St. 

SMITH,  WILLARD  P Claus  Spreckels  Bldg. 

SPRAGUE,  HARRY  B 599  Second  Ave. 

SPAULDING,  MANFRED  K 21  B  St.,  San  Rafael 

STANDISH:,  miles 1109  Crocker  Bldg. 

STANIFORD,   FRANK  C 234   Sansome    St. 

STEPHENS,  WM.   B 1250  Bay  St.,  Alameda 

STEPHENSON,   ROBT.  LEE 

813    First    National    Bank    Bldg. 


91 


STEVENS,  JOHN  H 216  Pine  St. 

STEVENS,  DR.  WM.  E 1007  Gough  St. 

STEVENSON,  CHAS.   C,  JR San  Rafael 

STEVENSON,    HOWARD    G 

1128    Merchants    Exchange    Bldg. 

STONE,  ELLERY  W 526  Custom  House 

STONE,    ROBERT    C San    Diego 

STONEY,    DONZEL 240    Montgomery    St. 

STOW,  VANDERLYNN 608  Insurance  Exchange  Bldg. 

STURGES,  WM.   S 229   S.  Ardmore  St.,  Los  Angeles 

SWAN,   PERCY  K Fort  George,    B.   C. 

TAFT,    HENRY   C Clay  and   14th   Sts.,    Oakland 

THOMAS,    WM 310    Sansome    St. 

THOMPSON,  LAURENCE....5842  Viramar  Ave.,  Oakland 
THURSTON,    EUGENE    T.,    JR.,    Captain    U.     S.    R. 

Eng.   Corps 57  Post   St. 

TICHENOR,    AUSTIN  K 5102   Dover   St.,    Oakland 

TOWNE,    ARTHUR    G 2524    Pierce    St. 

TRABERT,   CHAS.   L 2736  Elmwood  Ave.,   Berkeley 

TROWBRIDGE,    HARRY    0 125    Commonwealth    Ave. 

TURNER,    GEO.    W Los    Gatos 

TURNER,  LEWIS  H 2017  Durant  Ave.,  Berkeley 

TURPIN,    CHAS.    S 312    California    St. 

TURPIN,  F.  BLAIR Bohemian  Club 

TUTTLE,  HIRAM  D Bank  of  San  Jose  Bldg.,  San  Jose 

UPHAM,    BENJ.    P 510   Market   St. 

UPHAM,   ISAAC  0 510  Market   St. 

VANCE,  DR.  ALLEN  H.,  1st  Lieut.  U.  S.  R.  Medical 

Corps   Sausalito 

VAN  VALER,   PETER Hanford 

VINING,   ANDREW  J 2134   Pine  St. 

VINING,  EVERARD  A Palo  Alto 

WAGENER,  ALLEN  C 407  Hillside  Court,  Piedmont 

WAGENER,   EDWARD  H 407  Hillside  Court,   Piedmont 

WALES,  MORRIS  F 661  Poirier  St.,  Oakland 

WALES,   THOS.  E 914  Broderick   St. 

WALES,  WM.  L Beamer  Block,  Woodland 

WALKER,  HORACE  M Round  Mountain,  Shasta  Co. 

WALKER,  ROBERT  W Vallejo 

WALKER,    SHIRLEY 108    Cherry    St. 

WALLACE,    GLEN   G 454   California   St. 

WARD,    DR.    JAS.    W 391    Sutter   St. 

WARFORD.  JAMES  W.  D 

2121  Buena  Vista  Ave.,  Alameda 

WARNER,  JOHN  E 2012  San  Jose  Ave.,  Alameda 

WARNER,  WM.  E.  R.,  Captain  U.  S.  R France 

WATSON,   HORACE  H.,  JR 370  26th  St.,   Oakland 

WEBSTER,  REGINALD  H 121  W.  Ninth  St.,  Cincinnatti 

WEEKS,  JAS.  R Redwood  City 

WEGEFORTH,  DR.  HARRY  M...3904  Laurel  St.,  San  Diego 
WEGEFORTH,  DR.  PAUL....316  Granger  Bldg.,  San  Diego 
WBLLER,   CHAS.   H 627   Taylor   St. 


92 


WESTON.    JOSHUA   F St.    John 

WHITING,  RANDOLPH  V Monadnock  Building 

WHITNEY,   CHAS.   M 1018   Forest  Court,   Palo  Alto 

WIGHT,  FRED  G 302  Euclid  Ave.,  Oakland 

WILBUR,    JOHN   W 665   62nd    St.,    Oakland 

WILLARD,  JOHN  D Redwood  City 

WILLIAMS,    CHESTER 25  Battery  St. 

WILLIAMS,    FRANK 2274    Jackson    St. 

WILSON,  GEO.  A 1632  Le  Roy  Ave.,  Berkeley 

WINCHESTER.  DR.  ROBT.  F 

Fithian  Bldg.,  Santa  Barbara 

WISE.  REGINALD  W 905  First  National  Bank  Building 

WOOD,   CASIMIR  J 1600  Hobart  Building 

WOODRUFF,    CHAS.    A.,    General    U.    S.    A.,    retired 

2824  Benvenue  Ave.,  Berkeley 

WRIGHT,  ALLEN  H City  Hall,   San  Diego 

WRIGHT,  CALVIN  P R.  F.  D.  No.  1,  Ravenna,  O. 

WRIGHT.  HENRY  E R.  F.  D.  No.  1,  Ravenna,  O. 

YEMANS,    DR.    HERBERT   W.,    Major   O.    R.    C,    U. 

S.  A Alcatraz  Island 

YOUNG.  CARLOS  G 320  Market  St. 


LIFE  MEMBERS 


BONNER,  ERNEST  C Altura* 

COGSWELL,   JAMES  L Decoto 

FRANKLIN,   WM.    S 4068   26th   St. 

GRAY,  ROSCOE  S 457  Moss  Ave.,  Oakland 

HOLLADAY,  EDMUND  B Clay  and  Octavia  Sts. 

KELLOGG,  SHELDON  L,  JR 149  E.  11th  St.,  Oakland 

MATHEWS,   HENRY  E 774  Tenth  Ave. 

MAUZT,  CHAS.  S 250  Stockton  St. 

McHBNRY,  JOHN 2210  Ellsworth  St.,  Berkeley 

WARNEIR.  CHAS.  H 301  California  St. 


Membership,  460. 


93 


HONORARY     MEMBERS 

DEMING,  LUCIUS  P 247  E.  200th  St.,  Bronx,  New  York 

ROOSEVELT,  THEODORE Oyster  Bay,  New  York 

TAFT,   WILLIAM  H New  Haven,   Conn. 


-y^r- 


'') " :: 


1 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THF.  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 

AN  INITIAL  FINE  OF  25  CENTS 

WILL   BE  ASSESSED    FOR   FAILURE  TO    RETURN 
THIS    BOOK   ON    THE   DATE   DUE.    THE   PENALTY 
WILL  INCREASE  TO  SO  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH 
DAY    AND    TO     $1.00    ON     THE    SEVENTH     DAY 
OVERDUE. 

■''T^   30  V'n 

DEC  2 1 1990 

AllTflOISCSFP?2'9n 

LD  21-100m-7,'33 

YC  50330 


/ 


U.C.  BERKELEY  LIBRARIES 


CDDfiSbE777 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


